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  • Exam Name: Health Plan Finance and Risk Management
  • Last Update: Apr 24, 2024
  • Questions and Answers: 215
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AHM-520 Practice Exam Questions with Answers Health Plan Finance and Risk Management Certification

Question # 6

The Eclipse Health Plan is a not-for-profit health plan that qualifies under the Internal Revenue Code for tax-exempt status. This information indicates that Eclipse

A.

Has only one potential source of funding: borrowing money

B.

Does not pay federal, state, or local taxes on its earnings

C.

Must distribute its earnings to its owners-investors for their personal gain

D.

Is a privately held corporation

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Question # 7

As part of the first step in its strategic planning process, the Trout health plan developed the following statements:

  • Statement A—Trout will deliver quality healthcare to our customers at a reasonable cost.
  • Statement B—Within five years, Trout will be recognized as the industry leader in all of our markets.

Statement A can best be described as a

A.

Vision statement, and Statement B also can best be described as a vision statement

B.

Vision statement, whereas Statement B can best be described as a mission statement

C.

Mission statement, whereas Statement B can best be described as a vision statement

D.

Mission statement, and Statement B also can best be described as a mission statement

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Question # 8

Three general strategies that health plans use for controlling types of risk are risk avoidance, risk transfer, and risk acceptance. The following statements are about these strategies. Three of these statements are true, and one statement is false. Select the answer choice containing the FALSE statement.

A.

Generally, the smaller the likely benefits of accepting a risk, and the lower the costs of avoiding that risk, the greater the likelihood that a health plan will elect to avoid the risk.

B.

A health plan is seldom able to transfer any of the risk that utilization rates will be higher than expected and that its cost of providing healthcare will exceed the revenues it receives.

C.

If a risk is a pure risk from the point of view of a health plan, then the health plan most likely will attempt to avoid the risk.

D.

A health plan would most likely transfer some or all of its utilization risk if it pays a provider a rate that is based on the number of plan enrollees that choose the provider as their primary care provider (PCP).

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Question # 9

The Fairway health plan is a for-profit health plan that issues stock. The following data was taken from Fairway's financial statements:

Current assets.....$5,000,000

Total assets.....6,000,000

Current liabilities.....2,500,000

Total liabilities.....3,600,000

Stockholders' equity.....2,400,000

Fairway's total revenues for the previous financial period were $7,200,000, and its net income for that period was $180,000.

From this data, Fairway can determine both its current ratio and its net working capital. Fairway would correctly determine that its

A.

Current ratio is 1.39

B.

Current ratio is 2.00

C.

Net working capital equals $1,000,000

D.

Net working capital equals $3,000,000

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Question # 10

One way that a health plan can protect itself against case stripping is by requiring:

A.

Employees covered by a small group plan to contribute 100% of the cost of the healthcare coverage

B.

The small group to have no more than 10 members

C.

A minimum level of participation in order for a small group to be eligible for healthcare coverage

D.

Its underwriters to consider the characteristics of the employer, but not of the group members, when underwriting the group

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Question # 11

Variance analysis is the study of the difference between expected results and actual results. Variances can be positive or negative. A positive variance is typically considered:

A.

favorable for both expenses and revenues

B.

favorable for expenses, but unfavorable for revenues

C.

favorable for revenues, but unfavorable for expenses

D.

unfavorable for both expenses and revenues

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Question # 12

The types of financial risks and costs to which a health plan is subject depends on whether the health plan provides services to the Medicare and/or Medicaid populations or to the commercial population. One distinction between providing services to the Medicare and Medicaid populations and to the commercial population is that Medicare and Medicaid enrollees typically:

A.

Are locked into a plan for a 12-month period, whereas enrollees from the commercial population may disenroll from a plan on a monthly basis

B.

Require less enrollee education than do enrollees from the commercial population

C.

Have higher incidences of chronic illness than do enrollees from the commercial population

D.

Are enrolled in a health plan through a group situation, whereas the commercial population typically enrolls in a health plan on an individual basis

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Question # 13

The risk-based capital formula for health plans defines a number of risks that can impact a health plan’s solvency. These categories reflect the fact that the level of risk faced by health plans is significantly impacted by provider reimbursement methods that shift utilization risk to providers. The following statements are about the effect of a health plan transferring utilization risk to providers. Select the answer choice containing the correct statement:

A.

The net effect of using provider reimbursement contracts to transfer risk is that the health plan’s net worth requirement increases.

B.

Once the health plan has transferred utilization risk to its providers, it is relieved of the legal obligation to provide medical services to plan members in the event of the provider’s insolvency.

C.

The greater the amount of risk the health plan transfers to providers, the larger the credit-risk factor becomes in the health plan’s RBC formula.

D.

By decreasing its utilization risk, the health plan increases its underwriting risk.

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Question # 14

The following information was presented on one of the financial statements prepared by the Rouge Health Plan as of December 31, 1998:

AHM-520 question answer

Rouge’s current ratio at the end of 1998 was approximately equal to:

A.

0.84

B.

1.06

C.

1.19

D.

1.31

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Question # 15

The Puma health plan uses return on investment (ROI) and residual income (RI) to measure the performance of its investment centers. Two of these investment centers are identified as X and Y. Investment Center X earns $10,000,000 in operating income on controllable investments of $50,000,000, and it has total revenues of $60,000,000. Investment Center Y earns $2,000,000 in operating income on controllable investments of $8,000,000, and it has total revenues of $10,000,000. Both centers have a minimum required rate of return of 15%.

The following statements are about Puma's evaluation of these investment centers. Select the answer choice containing the correct statement.

A.

Investment Center Y's RI is greater than Investment Center X's RI.

B.

The ROI for Investment Center X is 16.7%, and the ROI for Investment Center Y is 20.0%.

C.

Because Investment Centers X and Y are different sizes, Puma should not use ROI to compare these investment centers.

D.

According to the evaluation of ROI, Investment Center Y achieves a higher return on its available resources than does Investment Center X.

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Question # 16

Companies typically produce three types of budgets: operational budgets, cash budgets, and capital budgets. The following statements are about operational budgets. Select the answer choice containing the correct statement.

A.

Expense budgets, a type of operational budget, typically describe fixed expenses rather than variable expenses.

B.

Operational budgets can only show information by department or by line of business.

C.

Operational budgets begin with a forecast of sales revenue and investment income.

D.

Revenue budgets, a type of operational budget, indicate the amount of income from operations that a company received from the previous budget period

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Question # 17

The following statements are about the capital budgeting technique known as the payback method. Select the answer choice containing the correct statement:

A.

The main benefit of the payback method is that it is simple to use.

B.

The payback method measures the profitability of a given capital project.

C.

The payback method considers the time value of money.

D.

The payback method states a proposed project’s cash flow in terms of present value for the life of the entire project.

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Question # 18

The following examples describe situations that expose an individual or a health plan to either pure risk or speculative risk:

Example 1 — A health plan invested in 1,000 shares of stock issued by a technology company.

Example 2 — An individual could contract a terminal illness.

Example 3 — A health plan purchased a new information system.

Example 4 — A health plan could be held liable for the negligent acts of an employee.

The examples that describe pure risk are

A.

Examples 1 and 2

B.

Examples 1 and 4

C.

Examples 2 and 3

D.

Examples 2 and 4

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Question # 19

The following information relates to the Hardcastle Health Plan for the month of June:

  • Incurred claims (paid and IBNR) equal $100,000
  • Earned premiums equal $120,000
  • Paid claims, excluding IBNR, equal $80,000
  • Total health plan expenses equal $300,000

This information indicates that Hardcastle’s medical loss ratio (MLR) for the month of June was approximately equal to:

A.

40%

B.

67%

C.

83%

D.

120%

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Question # 20

The Fairway health plan is a for-profit health plan that issues stock. The following data was taken from Fairway's financial statements:

Current assets.....$5,000,000

Total assets.....6,000,000

Current liabilities.....2,500,000

Total liabilities.....3,600,000

Stockholders' equity.....2,400,000

Fairway's total revenues for the previous financial period were $7,200,000, and its net income for that period was $180,000.

Assume that the healthcare industry average for the debt-to-equity ratio is 0.90. The following statement(s) can correctly be made about Fairway's debt to equity ratio:

A.

Fairway's debt-to-equity ratio is 1.50

B.

Fairway relies less than most other healthcare organizations on borrowed funds to cover future and current benefit payments, to pay for ongoing business operations, and to finance growth

C.

Both A and B

D.

A only

E.

B only

F.

Neither A nor B

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Question # 21

The Fiesta Health Plan prices its products in such a way that the rates for its products are reasonable, adequate, equitable, and competitive. Fiesta is using blended rating to calculate a premium rate for the Murdock Company, a large employer. Fiesta has assigned a credibility factor of 0.6 to Murdock. Fiesta has also determined that Murdock's manual rate is $200 PMPM and that Murdock's experience rate is $180 PMPM. Fiesta would correctly calculate that its blended rate PMPM for Murdock should be Fiesta's retention charge plus

A.

$152

B.

$188

C.

$192

D.

$228

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Question # 22

The Atoll Health Plan must comply with a number of laws that directly affect the plan's contracts. One of these laws allows Atoll's plan members to receive medical services from certain specialists without first being referred to those specialists by a primary care provider (PCP). This law, which reduces the PCP's ability to manage utilization of these specialists, is known as _________.

A.

A due process law

B.

An any willing provider law

C.

A direct access law

D.

A fair procedure law

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Question # 23

Correct statements about the financial risks associated with benefits that health plans provide to the Medicare and Medicaid markets include:

A.

That, because the government sets the payments received by health plans, the health plans cannot easily obtain an increase in those payments even in the face of rising costs

B.

That regulators determine which services must be provided under Medicare and Medicaid and which persons are eligible to enroll in a plan

C.

That there is typically more provider reluctance to accept risk in connection with providing services to the Medicaid population than with providing services to the Medicare population

D.

All of the above

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Question # 24

Geena Falk is eligible for both Medicare and Medicaid coverage. If Ms. Falk incurs a covered expense, then:

A.

Medicaid will be Ms. Falk’s primary insurer

B.

Medicare will be Ms. Falk’s primary insurer

C.

Either Medicare or Medicaid will be Ms. Falk’s primary insurer depending on her election

D.

Medicare and Medicaid will each be responsible for one-half of Ms. Falk’s covered expense

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Question # 25

The Caribou health plan is a for-profit organization. The financial statements that Caribou prepares include balance sheets, income statements, and cash flow statements. To prepare its cash flow statement, Caribou begins with the net income figure as reported on its income statement and then reconciles this amount to operating cash flows through a series of adjustments. Changes in Caribou's cash flow occur as a result of the health plan's operating activities, investing activities, and financing activities.

Caribou is engaged in an operating activity when it

A.

Purchases or sells assets of the health plan

B.

Disposes of a subsidiary

C.

Repays funds loaned by its creditors

D.

Pays expenses associated with the healthcare services provided to its members

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Question # 26

The McGwire Health Plan is a for-profit health plan that issues stock. Events that will cause the owners' equity account of McGwire to change include

A.

McGwire's retention of net income

B.

McGwire's payment of cash dividends on the stock it issued

C.

McGwire's purchase of treasury stock

D.

All of the above

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Question # 27

Provider reimbursement methods that transfer some utilization risk from a health plan to providers affect the health plan's RBC formula. A health plan's use of these reimbursement methods is likely to result in

A.

An increase the health plan's underwriting risk

B.

A decrease the health plan's credit risk

C.

A decrease the health plan's net worth requirement

D.

All of the above

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Question # 28

One true statement about mandated benefit laws is that they

A.

Apply equally to self-funded and fully funded groups

B.

Require a health plan to cover certain conditions or treatments or to pay a specified level of benefits for certain conditions or treatments

C.

Have no impact on a health plan's underwriting and rating decisions

D.

Typically decrease a health plan's risk because the health plan may need to delay premium rate decreases or may be prevented from increasing premium rates

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Question # 29

The Kayak Company self funds the health plan for its employees. This plan is an example of a type of self-funded plan known as a general asset plan. The fact that this is a completely self-funded plan indicates that

A.

The plan has no funding vehicle

B.

Kayak passes to its employees the financial risk of providing healthcare coverage

C.

The plan most likely is exempt from ERISA requirements concerning the limits on benefit discrimination for classes of employees

D.

The plan is exempt from the state laws and regulations that apply to health insurance policies

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Question # 30

The Zane health plan uses a base of accounting known as accrual-basis accounting. With regard to this base of accounting, it can correctly be stated that accrual-basis accounting

A.

Enables an interested party to view the consequences of obligations incurred by Zane, but only if the health plan ultimately completes the business transaction

B.

Is not suitable for measuring Zane's profitability

C.

Requires Zane to record revenues when they are earned and expenses when they are incurred, even if cash has not actually changed hands

D.

Prohibits Zane from making adjusting entries to its accounting records at the end of each accounting year

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Question # 31

The Caribou health plan is a for-profit organization. The financial statements that Caribou prepares include balance sheets, income statements, and cash flow statements. To prepare its cash flow statement, Caribou begins with the net income figure as reported on its income statement and then reconciles this amount to operating cash flows through a series of adjustments. Changes in Caribou's cash flow occur as a result of the health plan's operating activities, investing activities, and financing activities.

To prepare its cash flow statement, Caribou uses the direct method rather than the indirect method.

A.

True

B.

False

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Question # 32

Experience rating and manual rating are two rating methods that the Cheshire health plan uses to determine its premium rates. One difference between these two methods is that, under experience rating, Cheshire

A.

Uses a purchaser's actual experience to estimate the group's expected experience, whereas, under manual rating, Cheshire uses its own average experience—and sometimes the experience of other plans—to estimate the group's expected experience

B.

can establish rates for groups that have no previous plan experience, whereas, under manual rating, Cheshire cannot establish rates for groups with no previous plan experience

C.

charges each group in the same class the same premium whereas, under manual rating, Cheshire charges lower premiums to groups that have experienced lower utilization rates

D.

can use group demographics to help determine the rate for a block of business, whereas, under manual rating, Cheshire cannot use group demographics when determining the rate for a block of business

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