Professional-Cloud-Network-Engineer Practice Exam Questions with Answers Google Cloud Certified - Professional Cloud Network Engineer Certification

Question # 6

All the instances in your project are configured with the custom metadata enable-oslogin value set to FALSE and to block project-wide SSH keys. None of the instances are set with any SSH key, and no project-wide SSH keys have been configured. Firewall rules are set up to allow SSH sessions from any IP address range. You want to SSH into one instance.

What should you do?

Open the Cloud Shell SSH into the instance using gcloud compute ssh.

Set the custom metadata enable-oslogin to TRUE, and SSH into the instance using a third-party tool like putty or ssh.

Generate a new SSH key pair. Verify the format of the private key and add it to the instance. SSH into the instance using a third-party tool like putty or ssh.

Generate a new SSH key pair. Verify the format of the public key and add it to the project. SSH into the instance using a third-party tool like putty or ssh.

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Question # 7

You have provisioned a Dedicated Interconnect connection of 20 Gbps with a VLAN attachment of 10 Gbps. You recently noticed a steady increase in ingress traffic on the Interconnect connection from the on-premises data center. You need to ensure that your end users can achieve the full 20 Gbps throughput as quickly as possible. Which two methods can you use to accomplish this? (Choose two.)

Configure an additional VLAN attachment of 10 Gbps in another region. Configure the on-premises router to advertise routes with the same multi-exit discriminator (MED).

Configure an additional VLAN attachment of 10 Gbps in the same region. Configure the on-premises router to advertise routes with the same multi-exit discriminator (MED).

From the Google Cloud Console, modify the bandwidth of the VLAN attachment to 20 Gbps.

From the Google Cloud Console, request a new Dedicated Interconnect connection of 20 Gbps, and configure a VLAN attachment of 10 Gbps.

Configure Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) on the on-premises router to use the 20-Gbps Dedicated Interconnect connection.

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Question # 8

You need to create the technical architecture for hybrid connectivity from your data center to Google Cloud This will be managed by a partner. You want to follow Google-recommended practices for production-level applications. What should you do?

Ask the partner to install two security appliances in the data center. Configure one VPN connection from each of these devices to Google

Cloud, and ensure that the VPN devices on-premises are in separate racks on separate power and cooling systems.

Configure two Partner Interconnect connections in one metropolitan area (metro). Make sure the Interconnect connections are placed in

different metro edge availability domains. Configure two VLAN attachments in a single region, and configure regional dynamic routing on

the VPC

Configure two Partner Interconnect connections in one metro and two connections in another metro Make sure the Interconnect

connections are placed in different metro edge availability domains. Configure two VLAN attachments in one region and two VLAN

attachments in another region, and configure global dynamic routing on the VPC

Configure two Partner Interconnect connections in one metro and two connections in another metro. Make sure the Interconnect connections are placed in different metro edge availability domains. Configure two VLAN attachments in one region and two VLAN attachments in another region, and configure regional dynamic routing on the VPC.

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Question # 9

Your company has just launched a new critical revenue-generating web application. You deployed the application for scalability using managed instance groups, autoscaling, and a network load balancer as frontend. One day, you notice severe bursty traffic that the caused autoscaling to reach the maximum number of instances, and users of your application cannot complete transactions. After an investigation, you think it as a DDOS attack. You want to quickly restore user access to your application and allow successful transactions while minimizing cost.

Which two steps should you take? (Choose two.)

Use Cloud Armor to blacklist the attacker’s IP addresses.

Increase the maximum autoscaling backend to accommodate the severe bursty traffic.

Create a global HTTP(s) load balancer and move your application backend to this load balancer.

Shut down the entire application in GCP for a few hours. The attack will stop when the application is offline.

SSH into the backend compute engine instances, and view the auth logs and syslogs to further understand the nature of the attack.

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Question # 10

You are designing a hub-and-spoke network architecture for your company’s cloud-based environment. You need to make sure that all spokes are peered with the hub. The spokes must use the hub's virtual appliance for internet access.

The virtual appliance is configured in high-availability mode with two instances using an internal load balancer with IP address 10.0.0.5. What should you do?

Create a default route in the hub VPC that points to IP address 10.0.0.5.

Delete the default internet gateway route in the hub VPC, and create a new higher-priority route that is tagged only to the appliances with a next hop of the default internet gateway.

Export the custom routes in the hub.

Import the custom routes in the spokes.

Create a default route in the hub VPC that points to IP address 10.0.0.5.

Delete the default internet gateway route in the hub VPC, and create a new higher-priority route that is tagged only to the appliances with a next hop of the default internet gateway.

Export the custom routes in the hub. Import the custom routes in the spokes.

Delete the default internet gateway route of the spokes.

Create two default routes in the hub VPC that point to the next hop instances of the virtual appliances.

Delete the default internet gateway route in the hub VPC, and create a new higher-priority route that is tagged only to the appliances with a next hop of the default internet gateway.

Export the custom routes in the hub. Import the custom routes in the spokes.

Create a default route in the hub VPC that points to IP address 10.0.0.5.

Delete the default internet gateway route in the hub VPC, and create a new higher-priority route that is tagged only to the appliances with a next hop of the default internet gateway.

Create a new route in the spoke VPC that points to IP address 10.0.0.5.

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Question # 11

You want to set up two Cloud Routers so that one has an active Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) session, and the other one acts as a standby.

Which BGP attribute should you use on your on-premises router?

AS-Path

Community

Local Preference

Multi-exit Discriminator

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Question # 12

You are configuring load balancing for a standard three-tier (web, application, and database) application. You have configured an external HTTP(S) load balancer for the web servers. You need to configure load balancing for the application tier of servers. What should you do?

Configure a forwarding rule on the existing load balancer for the application tier.

Configure equal cost multi-path routing on the application servers.

Configure a new internal HTTP(S) load balancer for the application tier.

Configure a URL map on the existing load balancer to route traffic to the application tier.

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Question # 13

Question:

You reviewed the user behavior for your main application, which uses an external global Application Load Balancer, and found that the backend servers were overloaded due to erratic spikes in client requests. You need to limit concurrent sessions and return an HTTP 429 "Too Many Requests" response back to the client while following Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

Create a Cloud Armor security policy, and apply the predefined Open Worldwide Application Security Project (OWASP) rules to automatically implement the rate limit per client IP address.

Configure the load balancer to accept only the defined amount of requests per client IP address, increase the backend servers to support more traffic, and redirect traffic to a different backend to burst traffic.

Configure a VM with Linux, implement the rate limit through iptables, and use a firewall rule to send an HTTP 429 response to the client application.

Create a Cloud Armor security policy, and associate the policy with the load balancer. Configure the security policy's settings as follows: action: throttle, conform-action: allow, exceed-action: deny-429.

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Question # 14

In your project my-project, you have two subnets in a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC): subnet-a with IP range 10.128.0.0/20 and subnet-b with IP range 172.16.0.0/24. You need to deploy database servers in subnet-a. You will also deploy the application servers and web servers in subnet-b. You want to configure firewall rules that only allow database traffic from the application servers to the database servers. What should you do?

Create network tag app-server and service account sa-db@my-project.iam.gserviceaccount.com. Add the tag to the application servers, and associate the service account with the database servers. Run the following command:

gcloud compute firewall-rules create app-db-firewall-rule \

--action allow \

--direction ingress \

--rules top:3306 \

--source-tags app-server \

--target-service-accounts sa-db@my-<

Create service accounts sa-app@my-project.iam.gserviceaccount.com and sa-db@my-project.iam.gserviceaccount.com. Associate service account sa-app with the application servers, and associate the

service account sa-db with the database servers. Run the following command:

gcloud compute firewall-rules create app-db-firewall-ru

--allow TCP:3306 \

--source-service-accounts sa-app@democloud-idp-

demo.iam.gserv

Create service accounts sa-app@my-project.iam.gserviceaccount.com and sa-db@my-project.iam.gserviceaccount.com. Associate the service account sa-app with the application servers, and associate

the service account sa-db with the database servers. Run the following command:

gcloud compute firewall-rules create app-db-firewall-ru

--allow TCP:3306 \

--source-ranges 10.128.0.0/20 \

--source-service-accounts

Create network tags app-server and db-server. Add the app-server tag to the application servers, and add the db-server tag to the database servers. Run the following command:

gcloud compute firewall-rules create app-db-firewall-rule \

--action allow \

--direction ingress \

--rules tcp:3306 \

--source-ranges 10.128.0.0/20 \

--source-tags app-server \

--target-tags db-server

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Question # 15

Your organization has a new security policy that requires you to monitor all egress traffic payloads from your virtual machines in region us-west2. You deployed an intrusion detection system (IDS) virtual appliance in the same region to meet the new policy. You now need to integrate the IDS into the environment to monitor all egress traffic payloads from us-west2. What should you do?

Enable firewall logging, and forward all filtered egress firewall logs to the IDS.

Enable VPC Flow Logs. Create a sink in Cloud Logging to send filtered egress VPC Flow Logs to the IDS.

Create an internal TCP/UDP load balancer for Packet Mirroring, and add a packet mirroring policy filter for egress traffic.

Create an internal HTTP(S) load balancer for Packet Mirroring, and add a packet mirroring policy filter for egress traffic.

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Question # 16

Your organization has Compute Engine instances in us-east1, us-west2, and us-central1. Your organization also has an existing Cloud Interconnect physical connection in the East Coast of the United States with a single VLAN attachment and Cloud Router in us-east1. You need to provide a design with high availability and ensure that if a region goes down, you still have access to all your other Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) subnets. You need to accomplish this in the most cost-effective manner possible. What should you do?

Configure your VPC routing in regional mode.

Add an additional Cloud Interconnect VLAN attachment in the us-east1 region, and configure a Cloud Router in us-east1.

Configure your VPC routing in global mode.

Add an additional Cloud Interconnect VLAN attachment in the us-east1 region, and configure a Cloud Router in us-east1.

Configure your VPC routing in global mode.

Add an additional Cloud Interconnect VLAN attachment in the us-west2 region, and configure a Cloud Router in us-west2.

Configure your VPC routing in regional mode.

Add additional Cloud Interconnect VLAN attachments in the us-west2 and us-central1 regions, and configure Cloud Routers in us-west2 and us-central1.

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Question # 17

You have a web application that is currently hosted in the us-central1 region. Users experience high latency when traveling in Asia. You've configured a network load balancer, but users have not experienced a performance improvement. You want to decrease the latency.

What should you do?

Configure a policy-based route rule to prioritize the traffic.

Configure an HTTP load balancer, and direct the traffic to it.

Configure Dynamic Routing for the subnet hosting the application.

Configure the TTL for the DNS zone to decrease the time between updates.

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Question # 18

You need to define an address plan for a future new GKE cluster in your VPC. This will be a VPC native cluster, and the default Pod IP range allocation will be used. You must pre-provision all the needed VPC subnets and their respective IP address ranges before cluster creation. The cluster will initially have a single node, but it will be scaled to a maximum of three nodes if necessary. You want to allocate the minimum number of Pod IP addresses.

Which subnet mask should you use for the Pod IP address range?

/21

/22

/23

/25

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Question # 19

Your organization's security policy requires that all internet-bound traffic return to your on-premises data center through HA VPN tunnels before egressing to the internet, while allowing virtual machines (VMs) to leverage private Google APIs using private virtual IP addresses 199.36.153.4/30. You need to configure the routes to enable these traffic flows. What should you do?

Configure a custom route 0.0.0.0/0 with a priority of 500 whose next hop is the default internet gateway. Configure another custom route 199.36.153.4/30 with priority of 1000 whose next hop is the VPN tunnel back to the on-premises data center.

Configure a custom route 0.0.0.0/0 with a priority of 1000 whose next hop is the internet gateway. Configure another custom route 199.36.153.4/30 with a priority of 500 whose next hop is the VPN tunnel back to the on-premises data center.

Announce a 0.0.0.0/0 route from your on-premises router with a MED of 1000. Configure a custom route 199.36.153.4/30 with a priority of 1000 whose next hop is the default internet gateway.

Announce a 0.0.0.0/0 route from your on-premises router with a MED of 500. Configure another custom route 199.36.153.4/30 with a priority of 1000 whose next hop is the VPN tunnel back to the on-

premises data center.

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Question # 20

Your company's web server administrator is migrating on-premises backend servers for an application to GCP. Libraries and configurations differ significantly across these backend servers. The migration to GCP will be lift-and-shift, and all requests to the servers will be served by a single network load balancer frontend. You want to use a GCP-native solution when possible.

How should you deploy this service in GCP?

Create a managed instance group from one of the images of the on-premises servers, and link this instance group to a target pool behind your load balancer.

Create a target pool, add all backend instances to this target pool, and deploy the target pool behind your load balancer.

Deploy a third-party virtual appliance as frontend to these servers that will accommodate the significant differences between these backend servers.

Use GCP's ECMP capability to load-balance traffic to the backend servers by installing multiple equal-priority static routes to the backend servers.

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Question # 21

You are adding steps to a working automation that uses a service account to authenticate. You need to drive the automation the ability to retrieve files from a Cloud Storage bucket. Your organization requires using the least privilege possible.

What should you do?

Grant the compute.instanceAdmin to your user account.

Grant the iam.serviceAccountUser to your user account.

Grant the read-only privilege to the service account for the Cloud Storage bucket.

Grant the cloud-platform privilege to the service account for the Cloud Storage bucket.

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Question # 22

You built a web application with several containerized microservices. You want to run those microservices on Cloud Run. You must also ensure that the services are highly available to your customers with low latency. What should you do?

Deploy the Cloud Run services to multiple availability zones. Create a global TCP load balancer. Add the Cloud Run endpoints to its backend service.

Deploy the Cloud Run services to multiple regions. Create serverless network endpoint groups (NEGs) that point to the services. Create a global HTTPS load balancer, and attach the serverless NEGs as backend services of the load balancer.

Deploy the Cloud Run services to multiple availability zones. Create Cloud Endpoints that point to the services. Create a global HTTPS load balancer, and attach the Cloud Endpoints to its backend

Deploy the Cloud Run services to multiple regions. Configure a round-robin A record in Cloud DNS.

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Question # 23

Question:

Your organization has an on-premises data center. You need to provide connectivity from the on-premises data center to Google Cloud. Bandwidth must be at least 1 Gbps, and the traffic must not traverse the internet. What should you do?

Configure HA VPN by using high availability gateways and tunnels.

Configure Dedicated Interconnect by creating a VLAN attachment, activate the connection, and submit the pairing key to your service provider.

Configure Cross-Cloud Interconnect by creating a VLAN attachment, activate the connection, and then submit the pairing key to your service provider.

Configure Partner Interconnect by creating a VLAN attachment, submit the pairing key to your service provider, and activate the connection.

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Question # 24

Your organization has a hub and spoke architecture with VPC Network Peering, and hybrid connectivity is centralized at the hub. The Cloud Router in the hub VPC is advertising subnet routes, but the on-premises router does not appear to be receiving any subnet routes from the VPC spokes. You need to resolve this issue. What should you do?

Create custom routes at the Cloud Router in the hub to advertise the subnets of the VPC spokes.

Create custom learned routes at the Cloud Router in the hub to advertise the subnets of the VPC spokes.

Create custom routes at the Cloud Router in the spokes to advertise the subnets of the VPC spokes.

Create a BGP route policy at the Cloud Router, and ensure the subnets of the VPC spokes are being announced towards the on-premises environment.

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Question # 25

You successfully provisioned a single Dedicated Interconnect. The physical connection is at a colocation facility closest to us-west2. Seventy-five percent of your workloads are in us-east4, and the remaining twenty-five percent of your workloads are in us-central1. All workloads have the same network traffic profile. You need to minimize data transfer costs when deploying VLAN attachments. What should you do?

Keep the existing Dedicated interconnect. Deploy a VLAN attachment to a Cloud Router in us-west2, and use VPC global routing to access workloads in us-east4 and us-central1.

Keep the existing Dedicated Interconnect. Deploy a VLAN attachment to a Cloud Router in us-east4, and deploy another VLAN attachment to a Cloud Router in us-central1.

Order a new Dedicated Interconnect for a colocation facility closest to us-east4, and use VPC global routing to access workloads in us-central1.

Order a new Dedicated Interconnect for a colocation facility closest to us-central1, and use VPC global routing to access workloads in us-east4.

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Question # 26

You are designing an IP address scheme for new private Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) clusters. Due to IP address exhaustion of the RFC 1918 address space In your enterprise, you plan to use privately used public IP space for the new clusters. You want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do after designing your IP scheme?

Create the minimum usable RFC 1918 primary and secondary subnet IP ranges for the clusters. Re-use the secondary address range for the pods across multiple private GKE clusters

Create the minimum usable RFC 1918 primary and secondary subnet IP ranges for the clusters Re-use the secondary address range for the services across multiple private GKE clusters

Create privately used public IP primary and secondary subnet ranges for the clusters. Create a private GKE cluster with the following options selected and

Create privately used public IP primary and secondary subnet ranges for the clusters. Create a private GKE cluster With the following options selected --disable-default-snat, —enable-ip-alias, and—enable-private-nodes

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Answer:

Explanation:

This answer follows the Google-recommended practices for using privately used public IP (PUPI) addresses for GKE Pod address blocks1. The benefits of this approach are:

It allows you to use any public IP addresses that are not owned by Google or your organization for your Pods, which can help mitigate address exhaustion in your enterprise.

It prevents any external traffic from reaching your Pods, as Google Cloud does not route PUPI addresses to the internet or to other VPC networks by default.

It enables you to use VPC Network Peering to connect your GKE cluster to other VPC networks that use different PUPI addresses, as long as you enable the export and import of custom routes for the peering connection.

It preserves the fully integrated network model of GKE, where Pods can communicate with nodes and other resources in the same VPC network without NAT.

The options that you need to select when creating a private GKE cluster with PUPI addresses are:

–disable-default-snat: This option disables source NAT for outbound traffic from Pods to destinations outside the cluster’s VPC network. This is necessary to prevent Pods from using RFC 1918 addresses as their source IP addresses, which could cause conflicts with other networks that use the same address space2.

–enable-ip-alias: This option enables alias IP ranges for Pods and Services, which allows you to use separate subnet ranges for them. This is required to use PUPI addresses for Pods1.

–enable-private-nodes: This option creates a private cluster, where nodes do not have external IP addresses and can only communicate with the control plane through a private endpoint. This enhances the security and privacy of your cluster3.

Option A is incorrect because it does not use PUPI addresses for Pods, but rather RFC 1918 addresses. This does not solve the problem of address exhaustion in your enterprise. Option B is incorrect because it reuses the secondary address range for Services across multiple private GKE clusters, which could cause IP conflicts and routing issues. Option C is incorrect because it does not specify the options that are needed to create a private GKE cluster with PUPI addresses.

Question # 27

After a network change window one of your company’s applications stops working. The application uses an on-premises database server that no longer receives any traffic from the application. The database server IP address is 10.2.1.25. You examine the change request, and the only change is that 3 additional VPC subnets were created. The new VPC subnets created are 10.1.0.0/16, 10.2.0.0/16, and 10.3.1.0/24/ The on-premises router is advertising 10.0.0.0/8.

What is the most likely cause of this problem?

The less specific VPC subnet route is taking priority.

The more specific VPC subnet route is taking priority.

The on-premises router is not advertising a route for the database server.

A cloud firewall rule that blocks traffic to the on-premises database server was created during the change.

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Question # 28

You are configuring a new application that will be exposed behind an external load balancer with both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses and support TCP pass-through on port 443. You will have backends in two regions: us-west1 and us-east1. You want to serve the content with the lowest possible latency while ensuring high availability and autoscaling. Which configuration should you use?

Use global SSL Proxy Load Balancing with backends in both regions.

Use global TCP Proxy Load Balancing with backends in both regions.

Use global external HTTP(S) Load Balancing with backends in both regions.

Use Network Load Balancing in both regions, and use DNS-based load balancing to direct traffic to the closest region.

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Question # 29

Question:

Your organization wants to deploy HA VPN over Cloud Interconnect to ensure encryption in transit over the Cloud Interconnect connections. You have created a Cloud Router and two encrypted VLAN attachments that have a 5 Gbps capacity and a BGP configuration. The BGP sessions are operational. You need to complete the deployment of the HA VPN over Cloud Interconnect. What should you do?

Enable MACsec on Partner Interconnect.

Create an HA VPN gateway and associate the gateway with your two encrypted VLAN attachments. Configure the HA VPN Cloud Router, peer VPN gateway resources, and HA VPN tunnels. Use the same Cloud Router used for the Cloud Interconnect tier.

Create an HA VPN gateway and associate the gateway with your two encrypted VLAN attachments. Create a new dedicated HA VPN Cloud Router peer VPN gateway resources and HA VPN tunnels.

Enable MACsec for Cloud Interconnect on the VLAN attachments.

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Question # 30

You want to apply a new Cloud Armor policy to an application that is deployed in Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE). You want to find out which target to use for your Cloud Armor policy.

Which GKE resource should you use?

GKE Node

GKE Pod

GKE Cluster

GKE Ingress

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Question # 31

You recently deployed your application in Google Cloud. You need to verify your Google Cloud network configuration before deploying your on-premises workloads. You want to confirm that your Google Cloud network configuration allows traffic to flow from your cloud resources to your on- premises network. This validation should also analyze and diagnose potential failure points in your Google Cloud network configurations without sending any data plane test traffic. What should you do?

Use Network Intelligence Center's Connectivity Tests.

Enable Packet Mirroring on your application and send test traffic.

Use Network Intelligence Center's Network Topology visualizations.

Enable VPC Flow Logs and send test traffic.

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Question # 32

You deployed a hub-and-spoke architecture in your Google Cloud environment that uses VPC Network Peering to connect the spokes to the hub. For security reasons, you deployed a private Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) cluster in one of the spoke projects with a private endpoint for the control plane. You configured authorized networks to be the subnet range where the GKE nodes are deployed. When you attempt to reach the GKE control plane from a different spoke project, you cannot access it. You need to allow access to the GKE control plane from the other spoke projects. What should you do?

Add a firewall rule that allows port 443 from the other spoke projects.

Enable Private Google Access on the subnet where the GKE nodes are deployed.

Configure the authorized networks to be the subnet ranges of the other spoke projects.

Deploy a proxy in the spoke project where the GKE nodes are deployed and connect to the control plane through the proxy.

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Question # 33

In your company, two departments with separate GCP projects (code-dev and data-dev) in the same organization need to allow full cross-communication between all of their virtual machines in GCP. Each department has one VPC in its project and wants full control over their network. Neither department intends to recreate its existing computing resources. You want to implement a solution that minimizes cost.

Which two steps should you take? (Choose two.)

Connect both projects using Cloud VPN.

Connect the VPCs in project code-dev and data-dev using VPC Network Peering.

Enable Shared VPC in one project (e. g., code-dev), and make the second project (e. g., data-dev) a service project.

Enable firewall rules to allow all ingress traffic from all subnets of project code-dev to all instances in project data-dev, and vice versa.

Create a route in the code-dev project to the destination prefixes in project data-dev and use nexthop as the default gateway, and vice versa.

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Question # 34

You created a VPC network named Retail in auto mode. You want to create a VPC network named Distribution and peer it with the Retail VPC.

How should you configure the Distribution VPC?

Create the Distribution VPC in auto mode. Peer both the VPCs via network peering.

Create the Distribution VPC in custom mode. Use the CIDR range 10.0.0.0/9. Create the necessary subnets, and then peer them via network peering.

Create the Distribution VPC in custom mode. Use the CIDR range 10.128.0.0/9. Create the necessary subnets, and then peer them via network peering.

Rename the default VPC as "Distribution" and peer it via network peering.

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Question # 35

Your organization has resources in two different VPCs, each in different Google Cloud projects, and requires connectivity between the resources in the two VPCs. You have already determined that there is no IP address overlap; however, one VPC uses privately used public IP (PUPI) ranges. You would like to enable connectivity between these resources by using a lower cost and higher performance method. What should you do?

Create an HA VPN between the two VPCs that includes the PUPI ranges in the custom route advertisements of the Cloud Router. Create the necessary ingress VPC firewall rules that target the specific resources by using IP ranges as the source filter.

Create a VPC Network Peering connection between the two VPCs that allows the export and import of custom routes for public IP addresses. Create the necessary ingress VPC firewall rules that target the specific resources by using service accounts as the source filter.

Create a VPC Network Peering connection between the two VPCs that allows the export and import of subnet routes with public IP addresses. Create the necessary ingress VPC firewall rules that target the specific resources by using IP ranges as the source filter.

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Question # 36

You want to configure a NAT to perform address translation between your on-premises network blocks and GCP.

Which NAT solution should you use?

Cloud NAT

An instance with IP forwarding enabled

An instance configured with iptables DNAT rules

An instance configured with iptables SNAT rules

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Question # 37

Your organization wants to set up hybrid connectivity with VLAN attachments that terminate in a single Cloud Router with 99.9% uptime. You need to create a network design for your on-premises router that meets those requirements and has an active/passive configuration that uses only one VLAN attachment at a time. What should you do?

Create a design that uses a BGP multi-exit discriminator (MED) attribute to influence the egress path from Google Cloud to the on-premises environment.

Create a design that uses the as_path BGP attribute to influence the egress path from Google Cloud to the on-premises environment.

Create a design that uses an equal-cost multipath (ECMP) with flow-based hashing on your on-premises devices.

Create a design that uses the local_pref BGP attribute to influence the egress path from Google Cloud to the on-premises environment.

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Question # 38

In order to provide subnet level isolation, you want to force instance-A in one subnet to route through a security appliance, called instance-B, in another subnet.

What should you do?

Create a more specific route than the system-generated subnet route, pointing the next hop to instance-B with no tag.

Create a more specific route than the system-generated subnet route, pointing the next hop to instance-B with a tag applied to instance-A.

Delete the system-generated subnet route and create a specific route to instance-B with a tag applied to instance-A.

Move instance-B to another VPC and, using multi-NIC, connect instance-B's interface to instance-A's network. Configure the appropriate routes to force traffic through to instance-A.

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Question # 39

You are using a third-party next-generation firewall to inspect traffic. You created a custom route of 0.0.0.0/0 to route egress traffic to the firewall. You want to allow your VPC instances without public IP addresses to access the BigQuery and Cloud Pub/Sub APIs, without sending the traffic through the firewall.

Which two actions should you take? (Choose two.)

Turn on Private Google Access at the subnet level.

Turn on Private Google Access at the VPC level.

Turn on Private Services Access at the VPC level.

Create a set of custom static routes to send traffic to the external IP addresses of Google APIs and services via the default internet gateway.

Create a set of custom static routes to send traffic to the internal IP addresses of Google APIs and services via the default internet gateway.

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Question # 40

You need to restrict access to your Google Cloud load-balanced application so that only specific IP addresses can connect.

What should you do?

Create a secure perimeter using the Access Context Manager feature of VPC Service Controls and restrict access to the source IP range of the allowed clients and Google health check IP ranges.

Create a secure perimeter using VPC Service Controls, and mark the load balancer as a service restricted to the source IP range of the allowed clients and Google health check IP ranges.

Tag the backend instances "application," and create a firewall rule with target tag "application" and the source IP range of the allowed clients and Google health check IP ranges.

Label the backend instances "application," and create a firewall rule with the target label "application" and the source IP range of the allowed clients and Google health check IP ranges.

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Question # 41

Your team is developing an application that will be used by consumers all over the world. Currently, the application sits behind a global external application load balancer You need to protect the application from potential application-level attacks. What should you do?

Enable Cloud CDN on the backend service.

Create multiple firewall deny rules to block malicious users, and apply them to the global external application load balancer

Create a Google Cloud Armor security policy with web application firewall rules, and apply the security policy to the backend service.

Create a VPC Service Controls perimeter with the global external application load balancer as the protected service, and apply it to the backend service

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Question # 42

Your company's logo is published as an image file across multiple websites that are hosted by your company You have implemented Cloud CDN, however, you want to improve the performance of the cache hit ratio associated with this image file. What should you do?

Configure custom cache keys for the backend service that holds the image file, and clear the Host and Protocol checkboxes-

Configure Cloud Storage as a custom origin backend to host the image file, and select multi-region as the location type

Configure versioned IJRLs for each domain to serve users the •mage file before the cache entry expires

Configure the default time to live (TTL) as O for the image file.

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Question # 43

You are troubleshooting connectivity issues between Google Cloud and a public SaaS provider. Connectivity between the two environments is through the public internet. Your users are reporting intermittent connection errors when using TCP to connect; however, ICMP tests show no failures. According to users, errors occur around the same time every day. You want to troubleshoot and gather information by using Google Cloud tools that are most likely to provide insights into what is occurring within Google Cloud. What should you do?

Enable the Firewall Insights API. Set the deny rule insights observation period to one day. Review the insights to assure there are no firewall rules denying traffic.

Enable and review Cloud Logging on your Cloud NAT gateway. Look for logs with errors matching the destination IP address of the public SaaS provider.

Create a Connectivity Test by using TCP, the source IP address of your test VM, and the destination IP address of the public SaaS provider. Review the live data plane analysis and take the next steps based on the test results.

Enable and review Cloud Logging for Cloud Armor. Look for logs with errors matching the destination IP address of the public SaaS provider.

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Question # 44

You work for a university that is migrating to GCP.

These are the cloud requirements:

• On-premises connectivity with 10 Gbps

• Lowest latency access to the cloud

• Centralized Networking Administration Team

New departments are asking for on-premises connectivity to their projects. You want to deploy the most cost-efficient interconnect solution for connecting the campus to Google Cloud.

What should you do?

Use Shared VPC, and deploy the VLAN attachments and Interconnect in the host project.

Use Shared VPC, and deploy the VLAN attachments in the service projects. Connect the VLAN attachment to the Shared VPC's host project.

Use standalone projects, and deploy the VLAN attachments in the individual projects. Connect the VLAN attachment to the standalone projects' Interconnects.

Use standalone projects and deploy the VLAN attachments and Interconnects in each of the individual projects.

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Question # 45

You created a new VPC network named Dev with a single subnet. You added a firewall rule for the network Dev to allow HTTP traffic only and enabled logging. When you try to log in to an instance in the subnet via Remote Desktop Protocol, the login fails. You look for the Firewall rules logs in Stackdriver Logging, but you do not see any entries for blocked traffic. You want to see the logs for blocked traffic.

What should you do?

Check the VPC flow logs for the instance.

Try connecting to the instance via SSH, and check the logs.

Create a new firewall rule to allow traffic from port 22, and enable logs.

Create a new firewall rule with priority 65500 to deny all traffic, and enable logs.

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Question # 46

You are deploying an HA VPN within Google Cloud. You need to exchange routes dynamically between your on-premises gateway and Google Cloud. You have already created an HA VPN gateway and a peer VPN gateway resource. What should you do?

Create a Cloud Router, add VPN tunnels, and then configure BGP sessions.

Create a second HA VPN gateway, add VPN tunnels, and enable global dynamic routing.

Create a Cloud Router, add VPN tunnels, and enable global dynamic routing.

Create a Cloud Router, add VPN tunnels, and then configure static routes to your subnet ranges.

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Question # 47

You have an application that is running in a managed instance group. Your development team has released an updated instance template which contains a new feature which was not heavily tested. You want to minimize impact to users if there is a bug in the new template.

How should you update your instances?

Manually patch some of the instances, and then perform a rolling restart on the instance group.

Using the new instance template, perform a rolling update across all instances in the instance group. Verify the new feature once the rollout completes.

Deploy a new instance group and canary the updated template in that group. Verify the new feature in the new canary instance group, and then update the original instance group.

Perform a canary update by starting a rolling update and specifying a target size for your instances to receive the new template. Verify the new feature on the canary instances, and then roll forward to the rest of the instances.

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Question # 48

Your company's current network architecture has two VPCs that are connected by a dual-NIC instance that acts as a bump-in-the-wire firewall between the two VPCs. Flows between pairs of subnets across the two VPCs are working correctly. Suddenly, you receive an alert that none of the flows between the two VPCs are working anymore. You need to troubleshoot the problem. What should you do? (Choose 2 answers)

Verify that the dual-NIC instance has not been added to a backend service.

Verify that a public IP address has not been assigned to any network interface of the dual-NIC instance.

Use Cloud Logging to verify that there were no modifications to the VPC firewall rules or policies that were applied to the two network interfaces of the dual-NIC instance.

Verify that a VPC Service Controls perimeter has not been enabled for the project that contains the two VPCs and the dual-NIC instance.

Verify that the dual-NIC instance has the --can-ip-forward attribute enabled.

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Question # 49

You decide to set up Cloud NAT. After completing the configuration, you find that one of your instances is not using the Cloud NAT for outbound NAT.

What is the most likely cause of this problem?

The instance has been configured with multiple interfaces.

An external IP address has been configured on the instance.

You have created static routes that use RFC1918 ranges.

The instance is accessible by a load balancer external IP address.

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Question # 50

You ate planning to use Terraform to deploy the Google Cloud infrastructure for your company, The design must meet the following requirements

• Each Google Cloud project must represent an Internal project that your team Will work on

• After an Internal project is finished, the infrastructure must be deleted

• Each Internal project must have Its own Google Cloud project owner to manage the Google Cloud resources.

• You have 10—100 projects deployed at a time

While you are writing the Terraform code, you need to ensure that the deployment is simple and the code is reusable With

centralized management What should you do?

Create a Single project and additional VPCs for each internal project

Create a Single Shared VPC and attach each Google Cloud project as a service project

Create a Single project and Single VPC for each internal project

Create a Shared VPC and service project for each internal project

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Question # 51

You want to create a service in GCP using IPv6.

What should you do?

Create the instance with the designated IPv6 address.

Configure a TCP Proxy with the designated IPv6 address.

Configure a global load balancer with the designated IPv6 address.

Configure an internal load balancer with the designated IPv6 address.

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Question # 52

You have recently taken over responsibility for your organization's Google Cloud network security configurations. You want to review your Cloud Next Generation Firewall (Cloud NGFW) configurations to ensure that there are no rules allowing ingress traffic to your VMs and services from the internet. You want to avoid manual work. What should you do?

Use Firewall Insights, and enable insights for overly permissive rules.

Review Network Analyzer insights on the VPC network category.

Export all your Cloud NGFW rules into a CSV file and search for 0.0.0.0/0.

Run Connectivity Tests from multiple external sources to confirm that traffic is not allowed to ingress to your most critical services in Google Cloud.

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Question # 53

You are designing the network architecture for your organization. Your organization has three developer teams: Web, App, and Database. All of the developer teams require access to Compute Engine instances to perform their critical tasks. You are part of a small network and security team that needs to provide network access to the developers. You need to maintain centralized control over network resources, including subnets, routes, and firewalls. You want to minimize operational overhead. How should you design this topology?

Configure a host project with a Shared VPC. Create service projects for Web, App, and Database.

Configure one VPC for Web, one VPC for App, and one VPC for Database. Configure HA VPN between each VPC.

Configure three Shared VPC host projects, each with a service project: one for Web, one for App, and one for Database.

Configure one VPC for Web, one VPC for App, and one VPC for Database. Use VPC Network Peering to connect all VPCs in a full mesh.

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Question # 54

Your software team is developing an on-premises web application that requires direct connectivity to Compute Engine Instances in GCP using the RFC 1918 address space. You want to choose a connectivity solution from your on-premises environment to GCP, given these specifications:

Your ISP is a Google Partner Interconnect provider.

Your on-premises VPN device’s internet uplink and downlink speeds are 10 Gbps.

A test VPN connection between your on-premises gateway and GCP is performing at a maximum speed of 500 Mbps due to packet losses.

Most of the data transfer will be from GCP to the on-premises environment.

The application can burst up to 1.5 Gbps during peak transfers over the Interconnect.

Cost and the complexity of the solution should be minimal.

How should you provision the connectivity solution?

Provision a Partner Interconnect through your ISP.

Provision a Dedicated Interconnect instead of a VPN.

Create multiple VPN tunnels to account for the packet losses, and increase bandwidth using ECMP.

Use network compression over your VPN to increase the amount of data you can send over your VPN.

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Question # 55

Your organization has a Google Cloud Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) with subnets in us-east1, us-west4, and europe-west4 that use the default VPC configuration. Employees in a branch office in Europe need to access the resources in the VPC using HA VPN. You configured the HA VPN associated with the Google Cloud VPC for your organization with a Cloud Router deployed in europe-west4. You need to ensure that the users in the branch office can quickly and easily access all resources in the VPC. What should you do?

Create custom advertised routes for each subnet.

Configure each subnet’s VPN connections to use Cloud VPN to connect to the branch office.

Configure the VPC dynamic routing mode to Global.

Set the advertised routes to Global for the Cloud Router.

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Question # 56

Your company has a security team that manages firewalls and SSL certificates. It also has a networking team that manages the networking resources. The networking team needs to be able to read firewall rules, but should not be able to create, modify, or delete them.

How should you set up permissions for the networking team?

Assign members of the networking team the compute.networkUser role.

Assign members of the networking team the compute.networkAdmin role.

Assign members of the networking team a custom role with only the compute.networks.* and the compute.firewalls.list permissions.

Assign members of the networking team the compute.networkViewer role, and add the compute.networks.use permission.

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Question # 57

You created a new VPC for your development team. You want to allow access to the resources in this VPC via SSH only.

How should you configure your firewall rules?

Create two firewall rules: one to block all traffic with priority 0, and another to allow port 22 with priority 1000.

Create two firewall rules: one to block all traffic with priority 65536, and another to allow port 3389 with priority 1000.

Create a single firewall rule to allow port 22 with priority 1000.

Create a single firewall rule to allow port 3389 with priority 1000.

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Question # 58

One instance in your VPC is configured to run with a private IP address only. You want to ensure that even if this instance is deleted, its current private IP address will not be automatically assigned to a different instance.

In the GCP Console, what should you do?

Assign a public IP address to the instance.

Assign a new reserved internal IP address to the instance.

Change the instance’s current internal IP address to static.

Add custom metadata to the instance with key internal-address and value reserved.

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Question # 59

You need to enable Cloud CDN for all the objects inside a storage bucket. You want to ensure that all the object in the storage bucket can be served by the CDN.

What should you do in the GCP Console?

Create a new cloud storage bucket, and then enable Cloud CDN on it.

Create a new TCP load balancer, select the storage bucket as a backend, and then enable Cloud CDN on the backend.

Create a new SSL proxy load balancer, select the storage bucket as a backend, and then enable Cloud CDN on the backend.

Create a new HTTP load balancer, select the storage bucket as a backend, enable Cloud CDN on the backend, and make sure each object inside the storage bucket is shared publicly.

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Question # 60

You recently deployed Cloud VPN to connect your on-premises data canter to Google Cloud. You need to monitor the usage of this VPN and set up alerts in case traffic exceeds the maximum allowed. You need to be able to quickly decide whether to add extra links or move to a Dedicated Interconnect. What should you do?

In the Network Intelligence Canter, check for the number of packet drops on the VPN.

In the Google Cloud Console, use Monitoring Query Language to create a custom alert for bandwidth utilization.

In the Monitoring section of the Google Cloud Console, use the Dashboard section to select a default dashboard for VPN usage.

In the VPN section of the Google Cloud Console, select the VPN under hybrid connectivity, and then select monitoring to display utilization on the dashboard.

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Question # 61

You recently configured Google Cloud Armor security policies to manage traffic to your application. You discover that Google Cloud Armor is incorrectly blocking some traffic to your application. You need to identity the web application firewall (WAF) rule that is incorrectly blocking traffic. What should you do?

Enable firewall logs, and view the logs in Firewall Insights.

Enable HTTP(S) Load Balancing logging with sampling rate equal to 1, and view the logs in Cloud Logging.

Enable VPC Flow Logs, and view the logs in Cloud Logging.

Enable Google Cloud Armor audit logs, and view the logs on the Activity page in the Google Cloud Console.

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Question # 62

You are designing a hybrid cloud environment for your organization. Your Google Cloud environment is interconnected with your on-premises network using Cloud HA VPN and Cloud Router. The Cloud Router is configured with the default settings. Your on-premises DNS server is located at 192.168.20.88 and is protected by a firewall, and your Compute Engine resources are located at 10.204.0.0/24. Your Compute Engine resources need to resolve on-premises private hostnames using the domain corp.altostrat.com while still resolving Google Cloud hostnames. You want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

Create a private forwarding zone in Cloud DNS for ‘corp.altostrat.com’ called corp-altostrat-com that points to 192.168.20.88.

Configure your on-premises firewall to accept traffic from 10.204.0.0/24.

Set a custom route advertisement on the Cloud Router for 10.204.0.0/24

Create a private forwarding zone in Cloud DNS for ‘corp.altostrat.com’ called corp-altostrat-com that points to 192.168 20.88.

Configure your on-premises firewall to accept traffic from 35.199.192.0/19

Set a custom route advertisement on the Cloud Router for 35.199.192.0/19.

Create a private forwarding zone in Cloud DNS for ‘corp .altostrat.com’ called corp-altostrat-com that points to 192.168.20.88.

Configure your on-premises firewall to accept traffic from 10.204.0.0/24.

Modify the /etc/resolv conf file on your Compute Engine instances to point to 192.168.20 88

Create a private zone in Cloud DNS for ‘corp altostrat.com’ called corp-altostrat-com.

Configure DNS Server Policies and create a policy with Alternate DNS servers to 192.168.20.88.

Configure your on-premises firewall to accept traffic from 35.199.192.0/19.

Set a custom route advertisement on the Cloud Router for 35.199.192.0/19.

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Question # 63

Your company has recently expanded their EMEA-based operations into APAC. Globally distributed users report that their SMTP and IMAP services are slow. Your company requires end-to-end encryption, but you do not have access to the SSL certificates.

Which Google Cloud load balancer should you use?

SSL proxy load balancer

Network load balancer

HTTPS load balancer

TCP proxy load balancer

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Question # 64

You have an application hosted on a Compute Engine virtual machine instance that cannot communicate with a resource outside of its subnet. When you review the flow and firewall logs, you do not see any denied traffic listed.

During troubleshooting you find:

• Flow logs are enabled for the VPC subnet, and all firewall rules are set to log.

• The subnetwork logs are not excluded from Stackdriver.

• The instance that is hosting the application can communicate outside the subnet.

• Other instances within the subnet can communicate outside the subnet.

• The external resource initiates communication.

What is the most likely cause of the missing log lines?

The traffic is matching the expected ingress rule.

The traffic is matching the expected egress rule.

The traffic is not matching the expected ingress rule.

The traffic is not matching the expected egress rule.

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Professional-Cloud-Network-Engineer Practice Exam Questions with Answers Google Cloud Certified - Professional Cloud Network Engineer Certification

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