Practice Free H19-402_V1.0 HCSP-Presales – Data Center Network Planning and Design V1.0 Exam Questions Answers With Explanation

According to Huawei data center network design best practices, server access layer design emphasizes high reliability, scalability, and simplicity. Options A, B, and D correctly reflect Huawei recommendations. The number of leaf nodes is indeed determined by server scale and port requirements. Device selection must consider advanced features such as microsegmentation and IPv6 readiness. Additionally, bandwidth planning (downlink server access and uplink oversubscription ratios) is a critical design factor.

However, option C is incorrect. While M-LAG and standalone modes are commonly used in modern data center designs, stacking is generally not recommended in CloudFabric architectures. Huawei discourages stacking in spine-leaf fabrics because it introduces control plane complexity, reduces network scalability, and may create larger fault domains. Instead, M-LAG is preferred as it provides active-active forwarding, better fault isolation, and supports smooth upgrades without impacting services.

Therefore, stating that stacking is recommended is incorrect, making option C the false statement.

RDMA (Remote Direct Memory Access) is a key technology in Huawei’s Intelligent Lossless Data Center Network , widely used in high-performance scenarios such as AI training, distributed storage, and HPC.

The statement is correct because RDMA enables direct memory-to-memory data transfer between servers without involving the CPU or operating system in the data path. This bypass mechanism significantly reduces overhead and enables:

Ultra-low latency (microsecond-level communication)

High throughput (efficient use of bandwidth)

Low CPU utilization , freeing compute resources for applications

Although RDMA was originally developed for InfiniBand networks , it is now widely used over Ethernet through technologies like RoCE (RDMA over Converged Ethernet) in Huawei CloudFabric solutions.

To support RDMA effectively, Huawei implements lossless Ethernet mechanisms such as PFC, ECN, and congestion control algorithms to ensure reliable packet delivery.

Therefore, the statement accurately describes RDMA characteristics and is TRUE .

In Huawei data center network design, particularly in large-scale CloudFabric architectures, Points of Delivery (PoDs) are a fundamental concept used to enable modular scalability, simplified management, and efficient resource pooling. A PoD typically consists of a group of servers, access switches (Leaf), and sometimes aggregation resources that function as a repeatable building block within the data center.

By dividing a data center into multiple PoDs, operators can achieve horizontal scalability , where additional capacity is added by deploying new PoDs without impacting existing services. This aligns with Huawei’s spine-leaf architecture, where each PoD connects to a common spine layer, ensuring consistent performance and low latency.

PoDs also improve fault isolation and operational efficiency , as issues can be contained within a specific module. From a management perspective, this structure simplifies provisioning, monitoring, and automation through platforms like iMaster NCE-Fabric.

Therefore, the statement is TRUE , as PoD-based design is a widely adopted best practice in Huawei data center planning and modern cloud infrastructures.

In Huawei CloudFabric VXLAN architecture, distributed gateway networking is designed to overcome the limitations of centralized gateway models by pushing Layer 3 gateway functionality down to leaf nodes .

Options B, C, and D are all true advantages of distributed gateways. B highlights deployment flexibility, where a leaf can act as both Layer 2 and Layer 3 VXLAN gateway, enabling efficient east-west traffic forwarding. C and D emphasize improved scalability: each leaf only maintains local ARP/MAC entries , avoiding the bottleneck of a centralized device learning all endpoints. This significantly reduces resource consumption and enhances horizontal scaling.

Option A , however, describes a characteristic of centralized gateway architecture , where inter-subnet traffic is handled by a central node. This approach leads to suboptimal forwarding paths and potential performance bottlenecks, which distributed gateways are specifically designed to eliminate.

Huawei best practices strongly recommend distributed VXLAN gateways for modern data centers due to their scalability, optimal traffic paths, and reduced resource pressure .

Therefore, the correct answer is A .

Huawei iMaster NCE-Fabric supports both in-band and out-of-band deployment modes, each with distinct characteristics.

In in-band deployment (A, B) :

The management traffic shares the service network , meaning no separate management network is required.

The controller communicates with device management IPs over the service (data) network .

Redundant links can be configured to ensure high reliability and avoid single points of failure.

Therefore, A and B are correct descriptions .

Option C is false because it incorrectly states that the management and service networks are isolated in in-band mode. In reality, they are NOT isolated —they share the same physical infrastructure, which is a defining feature of in-band deployment.

In out-of-band deployment (D) :

A separate management network is used.

iMaster NCE-Fabric connects to devices via dedicated management interfaces through a management switch , ensuring isolation from service traffic.

Huawei recommends choosing deployment mode based on network scale, security, and reliability requirements .

Therefore, the correct answer is C .

Huawei iMaster NCE-Fabric ZTP (Zero Touch Provisioning) is designed to enable automated, fast, and error-free deployment of data center network devices, significantly reducing manual configuration efforts.

All listed options are valid characteristics:

Plug-and-play (A): Devices can automatically obtain configurations once powered on and connected to the network, requiring minimal manual intervention.

Visualized device onboarding (B): The controller provides a graphical interface to monitor onboarding progress, topology, and device status, improving deployment visibility.

Link verification (C): ZTP includes automatic cabling and link detection/verification , ensuring correct physical connections before service provisioning.

Batch device onboarding (D): Multiple devices can be onboarded simultaneously, enabling large-scale data center deployment with high efficiency.

Huawei emphasizes ZTP as a key capability in CloudFabric for:

Rapid service rollout

Reduced human error

Standardized deployment

Simplified O & M

This aligns with Huawei’s goal of achieving fully automated and intelligent data center network provisioning .

Therefore, the correct answers are A, B, C, and D .

In Huawei CloudFabric architecture, service integration and flexible deployment of security devices such as firewalls are key design principles. Firewalls can be deployed in multiple ways depending on service requirements, traffic patterns, and scalability considerations.

Firewalls can be connected to:

Service leaf nodes : These are dedicated nodes used for service insertion (e.g., firewall, load balancer). Traffic can be steered through these nodes using policy-based routing or service chaining.

Border leaf nodes (combined with service leaf role) : In some designs, border leaf nodes (which connect to external networks such as WAN or Internet) can also integrate service functions, including firewall connectivity. This reduces hardware requirements and simplifies deployment.

Huawei supports both centralized and distributed service deployment models , allowing firewalls to be flexibly inserted into the network fabric. Integration is typically achieved using VXLAN, EVPN, and service chaining technologies , ensuring seamless traffic steering and policy enforcement.

This flexibility enhances:

Network scalability

Security enforcement

Operational simplicity

Therefore, the statement is TRUE .

In IPv6, the concept of broadcast addresses does not exist , which is a fundamental difference from IPv4. Instead of broadcast, IPv6 uses multicast and anycast to achieve similar communication functions more efficiently. Therefore, statement B is false , as there is no such thing as an IPv6 broadcast address with all bits set to 1.

Statement A is correct: Unique Local Addresses (ULA) are intended for internal communication within a site or organization and are not routable on the public Internet, similar to IPv4 private addresses.

Statement C is also correct: Global Unicast Addresses in IPv6 are globally routable and function similarly to public IPv4 addresses, enabling end-to-end communication across networks.

Statement D is correct as well: Link-local addresses (FE80::/10) are automatically configured and used only for communication within the same local link (e.g., for neighbor discovery and routing protocols).

Huawei data center designs emphasize IPv6’s efficiency and scalability, particularly its elimination of broadcast traffic, which improves network performance and reduces unnecessary load.

The key difference between M-LAG and stacking in Huawei data center design lies in their control plane architecture and fault domains .

Option A is false because M-LAG does NOT have a centralized control plane . Instead, each device in an M-LAG pair maintains its own independent control plane , while synchronizing state information (such as MAC and ARP tables) over the peer-link. This distributed control design improves reliability and avoids a single point of failure.

Option B is correct : M-LAG involves two independent switches , both of which must be managed (though automation tools like iMaster NCE-Fabric simplify this).

Option C is correct : M-LAG provides fault domain isolation . A failure on one device does not impact the control plane of the other, enhancing network resilience.

Option D is correct : In contrast, stacking uses a single control plane , so upgrades can be more complex and potentially disruptive, affecting the entire stack.

Huawei best practices favor M-LAG over stacking in modern data centers due to its distributed control, higher reliability, and better fault isolation .

Therefore, the correct answer is A .

In Huawei data center and network security architecture, native encryption support is a key differentiator between tunneling technologies and secure communication protocols.

SSL VPN (C) and IPsec VPN (D) both provide built-in encryption mechanisms . SSL VPN uses TLS/SSL protocols to encrypt application-layer traffic, making it suitable for secure remote access. IPsec VPN operates at the network layer and provides confidentiality, integrity, and authentication through protocols such as ESP (Encapsulating Security Payload), making it widely used for site-to-site and data center interconnection security.

On the other hand, VXLAN (A) and GRE (B) are encapsulation/tunneling technologies that do not inherently provide encryption. VXLAN is used for overlay networking (e.g., tenant isolation in CloudFabric), while GRE is used for simple tunneling across IP networks. Both require additional security mechanisms (such as IPsec) if encryption is needed.

Huawei CloudFabric design guidelines clearly separate overlay encapsulation (VXLAN) from security protocols (IPsec/SSL) , emphasizing that encryption must be implemented using dedicated security technologies.

Therefore, the correct answers are C and D .

In Huawei CloudFabric intelligent O & M (Operations and Maintenance), multiple southbound data collection protocols are supported to enable comprehensive monitoring, analysis, and fault diagnosis. Commonly supported protocols include Telemetry, SNMP, NetStream, and ERSPAN .

Telemetry is the primary modern mechanism, providing real-time streaming data with high accuracy and low latency. SNMP is used for traditional device monitoring and alarm collection. NetStream (Huawei’s implementation of NetFlow) is used for traffic analysis, while ERSPAN enables remote traffic mirroring for deep packet inspection and troubleshooting.

However, Qx is not a standard or supported southbound protocol in Huawei CloudFabric O & M architecture. It is not referenced in Huawei documentation as a mechanism for data collection or monitoring.

Therefore, option B is correct because it identifies the protocol that is not supported , while all other options are valid and commonly used in Huawei intelligent O & M solutions.

Huawei iMaster NCE-Fabric provides advanced capabilities for intelligent service orchestration and pre-deployment validation , especially in network virtualization and cloud-network integration scenarios.

The statement is correct because iMaster NCE-Fabric includes pre-event verification and simulation features , which allow administrators to:

Simulate service deployment before actual configuration is applied

Evaluate the impact on existing services to avoid disruptions

Estimate resource consumption , such as TCAM, bandwidth, and device capacity

These capabilities are part of Huawei’s intent-driven networking (IDN) approach, where the system validates whether the intended service can be safely and effectively deployed.

Additionally, these functions help:

Prevent configuration errors

Reduce service deployment risks

Improve network reliability and predictability

Enable efficient capacity planning

Huawei emphasizes closed-loop automation , where planning, simulation, deployment, and verification are integrated into a single workflow.

Therefore, the statement accurately reflects Huawei CloudFabric capabilities and is TRUE .

According to Huawei data center network design guidelines, the selection of an underlay routing protocol depends on the scale and complexity of the network. For small to medium-sized data centers , particularly when the number of ToR (Top of Rack) switches is less than 100 , OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is the recommended routing protocol.

OSPF is a mature and widely deployed link-state protocol that offers fast convergence, simple configuration, and strong interoperability. It is well-suited for smaller-scale spine-leaf networks where operational simplicity is a priority. Huawei recommends OSPF in such scenarios because it provides sufficient scalability and performance without the added complexity of protocols like BGP.

For larger-scale data centers (typically more than 100 ToR switches), Huawei suggests using IS-IS or BGP to improve scalability and simplify large-scale route management. RIP is not suitable due to its limitations in scalability and convergence speed.

Therefore, for networks with fewer than 100 ToR switches, OSPF is the optimal and recommended choice .