1z0-599 Practice Exam Questions with Answers Oracle WebLogic Server 12c Essentials Certification

The JMS SAF Client feature extends the JMS store-and-forward service introduced

in WebLogic Server 9.0 to standalone JMS clients. Now JMS clients can reliably send

messages to server-side JMS destinations, even when the client cannot reach a

destination (for example, due to a temporary network connection failure). While disconnected from the server, messages sent by a JMS SAF client are stored locally on

the client file system and are forwarded to server-side JMS destinations when the

client reconnects. See Reliably Sending Messages Using the JMS SAF Client.

By default, JMS messages never expire. When applications send messages to queues or topics with durable subscribers, WebLogic must retain the message until it is consumed. This is fine in most point-to-point messaging applications because consumers are constantly consuming messages. Any message sent to a queue will typically be consumed in a relatively short period of time. If the consumers get disconnected, they will usually reconnect as soon as possible and start processing any messages that might have built up in the queue.

D: For durable subscribers to a topic, this is not necessarily true. The messaging system is forced to retain any message that has not been consumed by a durable subscriber, regardless of whether that durable subscriber will ever return. In this case, WebLogic is at the mercy of the durable subscriber to unsubscribe when it no longer wishes to receive the messages. If the durable subscriber logic is flawed in such a way that the subscribers do not unsubscribe properly, the messaging system will start to fill up with messages that may never be delivered. This calls for real caution in using durable subscribers. Fortunately, there is another way to help deal with this problem. Message expiration can be set at the connection factory level. Using a connection factory’s default time-to-live attribute, we can specify the number of milliseconds that WebLogic should retain an undelivered message after it is sent.

A:

* The WEB-INF directory contains the deployment descriptors for the Web application (web.xml and weblogic.xml) and two subdirectories for storing compiled Java classes and library JAR files.

* Web Application - WEB-INF/web.xml ( WEB-INF/weblogic.xml )

The WEB-INF directory is a vital component of your web application. Web application wont run without it.It contains a heirarcy in which you’ll find the necessary configuration information for your web application, and all the class files for your servlets and classes that are called up by your JSPs.

WEB-INF folder contains all the class files for your servlets and classes that are called up by your JSPs

B:

Enterprise Application - META-INF/application.xml (META-INF/weblogic-application.xml) and META-INF/ejb-jar.xml ( META-INF/weblogic-ejb-jar.xml )

Generally comprises of EJBs. Bussiness Tier of an application and EJB basically handels the Bussiness logic of application (distributed objects)

META-INF/application.xml containes Mappings and security roles etc.whereas META-INF/ejb-jar.xml containes ejb classes , session beans mapping etc.,

The META-INF directory is related to .jar files, It contains the manifest file which has list of jars.

A context-root setting in application.xml takes precedence over context-root setting in weblogic.xml (The context root of a web application determines which URLs weblogic will delegate to your web application.

Note:

* Deployment descriptors are xml documents that describe runtime behaviour for the deployment unit. The XML file contains information such as the context root of the web application and the mapping of the portable names of an application's resources to the application Server's resources

A: Oracle Smart Update is a standalone Java application that is automatically installed in the Middleware home utils/bsu directory. Smart Update simplifies the process of applying patches to your WebLogic Server installation. When support makes a patch available for an installed version of WebLogic Server, you download the patch from My Oracle Support and then use Oracle Smart Update to apply it to your installation. Smart Update organizes all available updates for you, and has several features that allow a great deal of customizing in the way various patches are applied and managed in your environment.

B: As part of a new Enterprise Manager system, the installation wizard does the following:

* Oracle My Oracle Support Management Plug-In

etc.

C: Applying patch from server start script:

After downloading the patch (jar file) follow the below steps:

- Stop your server.

- Then take the path of the folder which has the CRxxxxxx_xxxmpx.jar file and copy it in the CLASSPATH of setDomainEnv.cmd which is in

(/user_projects/domains//bin/setDomainEnv.cmd)

For example, the script would look something like this:

set CLASSPATH=%PRE_CLASSPATH%;%WEBLOGIC_CLASSPATH%; C:\extra\my_projects\doc\CR\CR218639_920mp3.jar;C:\extra\my_projects\doc \CR\ CR360676_920mp3.jar;C:\extra\my_projects\doc\CR\CR367966_920mp3.jar; C:\extra\my_projects\doc\CR\CR368155_920mp3.jar;C:\extra\my_projects\doc\CR\CR370311_920mp3.jar

- Re-start your server.

- You should see the patch applied in the stdout file.

The WebLogic Server Management Pack EE greatly improves application

performance by providing unique functionality to automatically detect performance

bottlenecks; quickly diagnose these performance problems, and identify their root

cause. Key application performance management features of the pack include the

following:

* (A) Manage multiple farms and WebLogic Domains centrally

* Monitor Oracle Coherence Cluster – including all nodes within a cluster, all

caches, services, connection managers and connections

* Monitor middleware availability and performance out-of-box; track such data

historically, and receive notifications of potential problems

* Obtain real-time, in-depth JVM diagnostics without instrumentation overhead

* Trace transactions across containers as well as to the database

* (E) Analyze call paths and dependencies via graphical, architecture views

* (E) Automatically discover and model dependencies between Java components,

frameworks, and web services

C: Message Unit-of-Order is a WebLogic Server value-added feature that enables a stand-alone message producer, or a group of producers acting as one, to group messages into a single unit with respect to the processing order. This single unit is called a Unit-of-Order and requires that all messages from that unit be processed sequentially in the order they were created.

D Transactions required for parallel processing.

Incorrect:

A: Many applications need an even more restricted notion of a group than provided by the Message Unit-of-Order (UOO) feature. If this is the case for your applications, WebLogic JMSprovides the Unit-of-Work (UOW) Message Groups, which allows applications to send JMS messages, identifying some of them as a group and allowing a JMS consumer to process them as such. For example, an JMS producer can designate a set of messages that need to be delivered to a single client without interruption, so that the messages can be processed as a unit. Further, the client will not be blocked waiting for the completion of one unit when there is another unit that is already complete.

Note:

* WebLogic JMS defines two default connection factories, which you can look up using the following JNDI names:

weblogic.jms.ConnectionFactory

weblogic.jms.XAConnectionFactory

WebLogic GridLink Data Sources supports transaction-based affinity.

This document provides a complete reference for the elements in the WebLogic Server-specific deployment descriptor weblogic.xml. If your Web application does not contain a weblogic.xml deployment descriptor, WebLogic Server automatically selects the default values of the deployment descriptor elements.

Note:

* Oracle WebLogic SmartUpgrade is part of the Oracle Fusion Middleware 11g upgrade tools that were designed to maximize the automation of the upgrade process, minimize the application

downtime and allows for rapid and seamless uptake of the Oracle Fusion Middleware 11g

features and capabilities.

* SmartUpgrade : (B) When generating an upgrade report into an existing project, an Oracle Application Server

configuration home could be specified to be included as part of the report. Additionally, both the

server home and OracleAS enterprise archives can be localized into the JDevelopoer project file

system by checking "Copy OC4J Deployment Archives Into Project".

* SmartUpgrade : (E) The advisory reports and the configuration artifacts will be generated. The generated artifacts will be located at the JDeveloper project mywork directory

* You can add product component functionality or additional applications and services to an existing WebLogic domain by extending it using the Configuration Wizard. For example, if you created a base WebLogic domain and you want to add the Avitek Medical Records Examples functionality, you can extend the domain by using the medrec.jar template.

The Configuration Wizard simplifies the task of extending an existing WebLogic domain by using extension templates. Oracle provides various sample extension templates, as well as extension templates for various Fusion Middleware products. You can also create your own extension templates using WLST or the unpack command.

JMS queue    A staging area that contains messages that have been sent and are waiting to be read. Note that, contrary to what the name queue suggests, messages have to be delivered in the order sent A JMS queue only guarantees that each message is processed only once.

C:

* A WebLogic Messaging Bridge communicates with the configured source and target bridge destinations. For each mapping of a source destination to a target destination, you must configure a messaging bridge instance. Each messaging bridge instance defines the source and target destination for the mapping, a message filtering selector, a QOS, transaction semantics, and various reconnection parameters.

Note:

* In your JMS Foreign Server configuration:

/ Specify oracle.jms.AQjmsInitialContextFactory as the JNDI Initial Context Factory.

/ Configure the JDBC data sources needed for your application environment.

B: WLST enables you to create a new domain or update an existing domain without connecting to a running WebLogic Server (that is, using WLST offline)—supporting the same functionality as the Configuration Wizard.

E: With WLST you can

Creating a Domain (Offline)

Updating an Existing Domain (Offline)

Creating a Domain Template (Offline)

Exporting Diagnostic Data (Offline)

Stepping Through a Sample Script: Creating a Domain Using WLST Offline

Using JNDI, a JMS client can obtain access to a JMS provider by first looking up a ConnectionFactory. The ConnectionFactory is used to create JMS connections, which can then be used for sending and receiving messages. Destination objects, which represent virtual channels (topics and queues) in JMS, are also obtained via JNDI and are used by the JMS client. The directory service can be configured by the system administrator to provide JMS administered objects so that the JMS clients don't need to use proprietary code to access a JMS provider.

Note:

* The Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI) is part of the Java platform, providing applications based on Java technology with a unified interface to multiple naming and directory services.

Note:

* Example

If you have additional Coherence caches running on Coherence*Web, then you must merge the cache configuration information (typically defined in the coherence-cache-config.xml file) with the session configuration contained in the session-cache-config.xml file. The cache and session configuration must be consistent across WebLogic Server and Coherence cache servers.

Note:

* When you configure multiple Authentication providers, use the JAAS Control Flag for each provider to control how the Authentication providers are used in the login sequence.

 You can choose the following the JAAS Control Flag settings, among others:

• REQUIRED—The Authentication provider is always called, and the user must always pass its authentication test. Regardless of whether authentication succeeds or fails, authentication still continues down the list of providers.
• SUFFICIENT—The user is not required to pass the authentication test of the Authentication provider. If authentication succeeds, no subsequent Authentication providers are executed. If authentication fails, authentication continues down the list of providers.
• OPTIONAL—The user is allowed to pass or fail the authentication test of this Authentication provider. However, if all Authentication providers configured in a security realm have the JAAS Control Flag set to OPTIONAL, the user must pass the authentication test of one of the configured providers.

* Example:

Setting the Order of Providers

Re-order the OAM Identity Asserter, OID Authenticator, and Default Authenticator by ensuring that the control flag for each authenticator is set as follows:

• OAMAuthenticator (REQUIRED)
• OracleInternetDirectoryAuthenticator (SUFFICIENT)
• DefaultAuthenticator (SUFFICIENT)

Using FastSwap Deployment to Minimize Redeployment

Java EE 5 introduces the ability to redefine a class at runtime without dropping its ClassLoader or abandoning existing instances. This allows containers to reload altered classes without disturbing running applications, vastly speeding up iterative development cycles and improving the overall development and testing experiences. The usefulness of the Java EE dynamic class redefinition is severely curtailed, however, by the restriction that the shape of the class – its declared fields and methods – cannot change. The purpose of FastSwap is to remove this restriction in WLS, allowing the dynamic redefinition of classes with new shapes to facilitate iterative development.

With FastSwap, Java classes are redefined in-place without reloading the ClassLoader, thereby having the decided advantage of fast turnaround times. This means that you do not have to wait for an application to redeploy and then navigate back to wherever you were in the Web page flow. Instead, you can make your changes, auto compile, and then see the effects immediately.

wls-maven-plugin—Delivered in WebLogic Server 12c, provides enhanced

functionality to install, start and stop servers, create domains, execute WLST

scripts, and compile and deploy applications.

Note:

* Rolling Upgrade is the process of upgrading a running WebLogic Server cluster with a patch, maintenance pack, or minor release without shutting down the entire cluster or domain. During the rolling upgrade of a cluster, each server in the cluster is individually upgraded and restarted while the other servers in the cluster continue to host your application.

fair-share-request-class—Specifies the average thread-use time required to process requests. The default fair share value is 50.

For example, assume that WebLogic Server is running two modules. The Work Manager for ModuleA specifies a fair-share-request-class of 80 and the Work Manager for ModuleB specifies a fair-share-request-class of 20.

During a period of sufficient demand, with a steady stream of requests for each module such that the number requests exceed the number of threads, WebLogic Server will allocate 80% and 20% of the thread-usage time to ModuleA and ModuleB, respectively.

* Example:

lowpriority_workmanager

low_priority

10

highpriority_workmanager

high_priority

100

Note:

* A request class expresses a scheduling guideline that WebLogic Server uses to allocate threads to requests. Request classes help ensure that high priority work is scheduled before less important work, even if the high priority work is submitted after the lower priority work.

Incorrect:

Not C: response-time-request-class—Specifies a response time goal in milliseconds. Response time goals are not applied to individual requests. Instead, WebLogic Server computes a tolerable waiting time for requests with that class by subtracting the observed average thread use time from the response time goal, and schedules requests so that the average wait for requests with the class is proportional to its tolerable waiting time.

Not A, D: Not related to thread constraints.

For example, assume that WebLogic Server is running two modules. The Work Manager for ModuleA specifies a fair-share-request-class of 80 and the Work Manager for ModuleB specifies a fair-share-request-class of 20.

A, B: With Active GridLink for RAC, WebLogic instances are isolated from RAC configuration changes, and DBAs only need to contend with a single data source rather than multiple data sources.

D: Active GridLink for RAC distributes work based on different backend node capacities, automatically detecting and adapting to overworked nodes and hangs. It enables smart load balancing across RAC nodes. This makes it easier to route traffic around node failures, enhancing availability and performance.

When an application that references a shared library or package is deployed, WebLogic Server checks the names and version string requirements against the libraries registered with the server. If an exact match for a library or package name is not found, or if the version requirements are not met, the application deployment fails.

If WebLogic Server finds a name and version string match for all of the libraries referenced in the application, the server adds the libraries' classes to the classpath of the referencing application and merges deployment descriptors from both the application and libraries in memory. The resulting deployed application appears as if the referenced libraries were bundled with the application itself.

Note:

As a best practice, your development team should always include version string information for a library or optional package in the manifest file for the deployment. See Editing Manifest Entries for Shared Libraries in Developing Applications for Oracle WebLogic Server for more information.

If you are deploying a library or package that does not include version string information, you can specify it at the command line using one or both of the following options:

libspecver—Defines a specification version for the library or package.

libimplver—Specifies an implementation version for the library or package.

Note:

* Types of Security Roles: Global Roles and Scoped Roles

There are two types of security roles in WebLogic Server:

/ A global security role can be used in any security policy. Oracle provides several default global roles that you can use out of the box to secure your WebLogic resource

/ A scoped role can be used only in policies that are defined for a specific instance of a WebLogic resource (such as a method on an EJB or a branch of a JNDI tree). You might never need to use scoped roles. They are provided for their flexibility and are an extra feature for advanced customers.

Incorrect:

Not E: Role mapping is the process whereby principals (users or groups) are dynamically mapped to security roles at runtime. In WebLogic Server, a Role Mapping provider determines what security roles apply to the principals stored a subject when the subject is attempting to perform an operation on a WebLogic resource. Because this operation usually involves gainingaccess to the WebLogic resource, Role Mapping providers are typically used with Authorization providers.