C_ABAPD_2507 Practice Exam Questions with Answers SAP Certified Associate - Back-End Developer - ABAP Cloud Certification

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

In the RAP model, a Business Object (BO) is composed of the following key parts:

A CDS view, which defines the data model layer (entity structure, projections, associations).

A Behavior Definition (BDEF), which defines the behavior layer – what operations can be performed (create, update, delete, validations, determinations).

Therefore:

Option B and C are correct.

Option A is incorrect because "Process definition" is not a RAP construct; process logic is handled via behavior implementation and determinations.

Option D is incorrect because "Authentication rules" are managed externally (e.g., via IAM, authorizations), not inside the BO.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

A. Valid: A CATCH block can list multiple exception classes separated by |.

B. Wrong: CLEANUP is not a catch mechanism; it executes after try/catch, regardless of exception, but does not handle exceptions.

C. Wrong: Only the first matching CATCH executes, not all.

D. Valid: A superclass exception handler can catch its subclasses.

E. Valid: Best practice is to order CATCH blocks from most specific ? most general.

Study Guide Reference: ABAP Keyword Documentation – TRY … CATCH … CLEANUP.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

RAP and ABAP Cloud emphasize expression-based coding, and REDUCE is a key reduction expression. The code above defines an accumulator (h_structure_variable) and iterates over an internal table (source_itab) with FOR … IN …, so a loop over the source table is created (D). In each iteration, fields are accumulated and, when the expression finishes, the final accumulator value is returned and assigned to structure_variable. With compatible structured types, components are copied name-by-name (C).

In ABAP Cloud, the language is explicitly described as “aligned and extended to support RAP … The application developer uses typed APIs … and benefits from static code checks.” This underpins the use of typed, expression-based constructs like REDUCE for safe, declarative logic.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

ABAP Unit test classes are declared with the addition FOR TESTING in the class definition. RAP test guides also show the same ABAP Unit pattern for local test classes:

CLASS ltcl_sc_r_agency DEFINITION FINAL FOR TESTING

DURATION SHORT

RISK LEVEL HARMLESS.

This is the canonical way to mark an ABAP class as a test class.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

OData services are the standard way to expose RAP services; service bindings bind a service definition to a protocol such as OData.

Business events are a released RAP capability for integration; RAP BOs can define, raise, and consume business events, with remote consumption via SAP Event Mesh and event bindings.

CDS views define the semantic data models used for exposure and consumption; ADT defines CDS entities for the data model that can be used in applications. Together, CDS (data modeling) + OData (service exposure) + Events (event-driven integration) constitute the released, recommended integration building blocks in ABAP Cloud/RAP. (BAdIs are classic enhancement spots and not positioned as the primary integration frameworks for ABAP Cloud developer extensibility; SOAP is not the recommended channel in the RAP guidance above.)

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Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

When performing a JOIN in ABAP SQL or CDS:

The key requirement is to specify the ON condition, which compares fields from the two tables, typically via equality (e.g., ON a.field = b.field). Hence, Option D is correct.

The fields do not need to have the same name (Option C is incorrect).

The position in the table structure is irrelevant (Option A is incorrect).

An alias name is optional, not mandatory (Option B is incorrect).

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

In the ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model (RAP), validations are used to ensure that business rules and constraints are fulfilled, including the uniqueness of semantic keys.

A semantic key represents a natural identifier (e.g., employee number, product ID) and not a technical surrogate key. Validations can be:

Field-level validations – used to validate input for single fields.

Entity-level validations – used to validate logical conditions like uniqueness of a key combination.

The uniqueness check is typically enforced using a custom validation implementation in the behavior pool.

Action (Option A) is used for operations triggered by the user or system but not for enforcing uniqueness.

Determination (Option C) is used for automatically computing or adjusting field values, not for enforcing uniqueness.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

Value helps in CDS are defined using annotations like:

@Consumption.valueHelpDefinition: '_association'

This enriches fields with semantic metadata for Fiori/UIs. Associations provide technical links, but the value help definition itself is given by annotations.

Study Guide Reference: ABAP CDS Guide – Annotations for Value Helps.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

A DATS field is stored as YYYYMMDD.

Option A: substring( flight_date, 5, 2 ) ? Extracts characters 5–6 ? correct month.

Option B: right( left( flight_date, 6 ), 2 ) ? Takes first 6 chars YYYYMM, then last 2 ? correct month.

Option C: Wrong, extracts last 2 chars of MMDD, results in day not month.

Option D: Wrong, starts at 4 ? gives YM instead of MM.

Study Guide Reference: ABAP CDS Development Guide – String Functions in CDS.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

In RAP, validations, determinations, and actions are implemented inside the local handler class (lhc_...) of the behavior pool.

Global classes are not used directly for RAP BO logic, only for reusable utilities.

Functions or subroutines are not cloud-compliant for RAP implementation.

Thus, validation code always resides in the local handler class inside the RAP behavior pool.

Study Guide Reference: RAP Development Guide – Validations in Behavior Implementation.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

Sorted tables can be declared with unique keys (ensuring no duplicates) or with non-unique keys (allowing duplicates).

Hashed tables only allow unique keys.

Standard tables allow non-unique keys only.

Thus, sorted internal tables are the only type that can be configured with both unique and non-unique keys.

Verified Study Guide Reference: ABAP Dictionary and ABAP Cloud Programming Guide – Internal Table Types.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

The requirement is:

Retrieve all carriers from T_CARRIER

Include them even if no corresponding connections exist in T_CONNECTIONS.

Evaluation of each join type:

A. INNER JOIN:Only returns rows where a carrier has at least one matching connection.? Incorrect, since carriers without connections would be excluded.

B. LEFT OUTER JOIN (correct):Returns all rows from the left table (T_CARRIER), and connections if they exist.Missing connections are represented with NULL.? Correct answer.

C. LEFT INNER JOIN:This is syntactically invalid in ABAP SQL. INNER JOIN and LEFT OUTER JOIN are separate join types, not combined.? Incorrect.

D. RIGHT OUTER JOIN (correct):Equivalent to LEFT OUTER JOIN when the tables are reversed.Returns all rows from T_CARRIER, whether or not connections exist.? Correct answer.

Thus, LEFT OUTER JOIN and RIGHT OUTER JOIN are the valid solutions to retrieve all carriers regardless of connections.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

Decoupled/independent management (A): RAP and ABAP Cloud allow extension providers to develop and expose their own services based on released interfaces—reflecting independent lifecycle and management, typical of side-by-side.

Own data model with occasional consumption (B): The platform supports consuming remote services and exposing APIs—patterns consistent with side-by-side extensions that keep their own data model and integrate when needed.

Event-based/reactive (C): RAP natively supports an event-driven architecture with asynchronous, decoupled communication—ideal for side-by-side process extensions reacting to business events.

Not same LUW (D is wrong): Remote communication is asynchronous and keeps LUWs separate—indicative of side-by-side, not in-app (same-stack) processing.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

The purpose of a foreign key relationship in the ABAP Dictionary is to ensure the integrity of data between the related database tables. This relationship checks that values entered in the foreign key field exist in the check table, thereby preventing invalid or orphaned entries.

While foreign key relationships do not automatically enforce constraints at the database level, they are used for enforcing referential integrity at the application layer and play a key role in:

Input help (F4 Help)

Validation checks during data modification

Ensuring consistency of master and transaction data

This aligns with the standard ABAP development model, where the application layer (not the database) handles logical consistency using metadata from the ABAP Dictionary.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

In CDS UNION, field names and positions must match exactly across all SELECT statements.

In this case, the first SELECT uses id, while the second uses agencynum AS id, which is fine. However, the literal 'Customer' AS partner and 'Agency' AS partner create inconsistencies.

SAP CDS guidelines specify that for a UNION, field names must be identical and aligned in order; mismatches cause an activation error.

Study Guide Reference: ABAP CDS Development User Guide – Union Compatibility Rules.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

In ABAP Cloud/RAP examples, test classes are created inside the development object (e.g., inside the behavior implementation) and are marked FOR TESTING—these are local classes (they live in the program/class include, not as separate global repository classes). The guides show creating test classes under the Test Classes tab and referencing the Local Types section of the implementation (friends etc.), i.e., local to the program/object.

This contrasts with global classes that exist as standalone repository objects; the RAP test patterns explicitly model the former (local) for unit tests within the object’s context.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

To redefine a component in a subclass:

The component (method) in the superclass must be defined with the FOR REDEFINITION addition.

In the subclass, you use the REDEFINITION clause in the method declaration and implement the method in the subclass to override the superclass behavior.

Thus:

Option A is correct because the method declaration in sub1 must include the REDEFINITION addition.

Option D is correct because the actual redefined method implementation must be provided in the subclass sub1.

Option B is incorrect because the component is not re-implemented in the superclass.

Option C is incorrect because REDEFINITION is not added in the superclass, but FOR REDEFINITION is.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

Associations ? ? Supported in CDS to define relationships between entities without materializing joins.

SQL (Structured Query Language) ? ? CDS is built on SQL semantics and supports declarative data modeling with SQL-based syntax.

Annotations ? ? Used to enrich CDS artifacts with metadata for UI, OData exposure, and behavior.

Delegation ? ? Not a CDS feature; belongs to OO or API design patterns.

Inheritance ? ? Not supported in CDS entities; CDS focuses on associations and compositions.

Study Guide Reference: ABAP CDS User Guide – CDS View Features and Annotations.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

avg(expr) ? ? Allows numeric expressions (e.g., (f1 + f2) / 2).

sum(expr) ? ? Accepts numeric expressions.

max() ? ? Requires a single column, not expressions.

count(*) ? ? Counts rows only, doesn’t accept expressions.

Study Guide Reference: ABAP SQL Documentation – Aggregate Functions.