Principle of Least Privilege:

The principle of least privilege states that users should only be granted the minimum permissions necessary to perform their tasks. This reduces the risk of accidental or malicious actions that could compromise data integrity or security.

In the context ofOracle NoSQL Database Cloud Service, implementing this principle involves configuringIdentity and Access Management (IAM) policiesto precisely define which users or groups can perform specific actions (such as read, write, delete) on particular tables. By limiting access, the system minimizes potential attack vectors and the impact of compromised accounts.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A:Granting full administrative access violates the least privilege principle and increases security risks.

C:Encryption is important, but it addresses data confidentiality, not access control.

D:Backing up data is good practice, but storing backups in a publicly accessible location is insecure.

B. VCN and Subnets:Exadata Database Service VM Clusters require a VCN to provide network connectivity for database instances, client access, and backups. Proper subnets are essential for this network setup.

E. Exadata Infrastructure Resource:Before creating a VM Cluster, an Exadata Infrastructure resource must be provisioned. The VM Cluster resides within this infrastructure.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A:OCI Vault and Key are used for encryption but not mandatory for VM Cluster creation.

C:A valid SI is needed for support but not a technical requirement for VM cluster creation.

D:Exadata Cloud@Customer is a separate service from Exadata Database Service.

Recommended Patching Order:

In Oracle environments, it is crucial to patchGrid Infrastructure (GI) firstbecause GI components are responsible formanaging cluster resources and storage. Applying GI patches before database patches ensures that the underlying infrastructure is compatible and stable.

After the GI patching,validatethe environment to ensure all components are functioningcorrectly before proceeding with database software updates.

This order minimizes the risk ofdowntime or compatibility issues.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A:OCI does not automatically handle manual patching in non-managed DB systems.

B:Applying the database patch first may result in compatibility problems.

D:Users can manually patch Grid Infrastructure in BaseDB VMs.