SPLK-4001 Practice Exam Questions with Answers Splunk O11y Cloud Certified Metrics User Exam Certification

The correct answer is B. /etc/otel/collector/

According to the web search results, the Splunk distribution of the OpenTelemetry Collector stores the configuration files on Linux machines in the /etc/otel/collector/ directory by default. You can verify this by looking at the first result1, which explains how to install the Collector for Linux manually. It also provides the locations of the default configuration file, the agent configuration file, and the gateway configuration file.

To learn more about how to install and configure the Splunk distribution of the OpenTelemetry Collector, you can refer to this documentation2.

1: https://docs.splunk.com/Observability/gdi/opentelemetry/install-linux-manual.html 2: https://docs.splunk.com/Observability/gdi/opentelemetry.html

The correct answer is D. Top / Bottom.

Top and bottom are aggregate analytic functions that allow a user to see the highest or lowest n values of a metric. They can be used to select a subset of the time series in the plot by count or by percent. For example, top (5) will show the five time series with the highest values in each time period, while bottom (10%) will show the 10% of time series with the lowest values in each time period1

To learn more about how to use top and bottom functions in Splunk Observability Cloud, you can refer to this documentation1.

The correct answer is B. Add a filter to narrow the scope of the measurement.

A filter is a way to reduce the number of metric time series (MTS) that are displayed on a chart or used in a detector. A filter specifies one or more dimensions and values that the MTS must have in order to be included. For example, if you want to monitor the memory.free metric only for hosts that belong to a certain cluster, you can add a filter like cluster:my-cluster to the plot or detector. This will exclude any MTS that do not have the cluster dimension or have a different value for it1

Adding a filter can help you avoid exceeding the plot cap, which is the maximum number of MTS that can be contained in a single plot. The plot cap is 100,000 by default, but it can be changed by contacting Splunk Support2

To learn more about how to use filters in Splunk Observability Cloud, you can refer to this documentation3.

1: https://docs.splunk.com/Observability/gdi/metrics/search.html#Filter-metrics 2: https://docs.splunk.com/Observability/gdi/metrics/detectors.html#Plot-cap 3: https://docs.splunk.com/Observability/gdi/metrics/search.html

The correct answer is A. Dimensions.

Dimensions are metadata in the form of key-value pairs that are sent along with the metrics at the time of ingest. They provide additional information about the metric, such as the name of the host that sent the metric, or the location of the server. Along with the metric name, they uniquely identify a metric time series (MTS)1

Changes to dimensions result in a new MTS, because they create a different combination of metric name and dimensions. For example, if you change the hostname dimension from host1 to host2, you will create a new MTS for the same metric name1

Properties, sources, and tags are other types of metadata that can be applied to existing MTSes after ingest. They do not contribute to uniquely identify an MTS, and they do not create a new MTS when changed2

To learn more about how to use metadata in Splunk Observability Cloud, you can refer to this documentation2.

1: https://docs.splunk.com/Observability/metrics-and-metadata/metrics.html#Dimensions 2: https://docs.splunk.com/Observability/metrics-and-metadata/metrics-dimensions-mts.html

The correct answer is C. 1 second.

According to the Splunk Test Blueprint - O11y Cloud Metrics User document1, one of the metrics concepts that is covered in the exam is data resolution and rollups. Data resolution refers to the granularity of the metric data points, and rollups are the process of aggregating data points over time to reduce the amount of data stored.

The Splunk O11y Cloud Certified Metrics User Track document2 states that one of the recommended courses for preparing for the exam is Introduction to Splunk Infrastructure Monitoring, which covers the basics of metrics monitoring and visualization.

In the Introduction to Splunk Infrastructure Monitoring course, there is a section on Data Resolution and Rollups, which explains that Splunk Observability Cloud collects high-resolution metrics at 1-second intervals by default, and then applies rollups to reduce the data volume over time. The document also provides a table that shows the different rollup intervals and retention periods for different resolutions.

Therefore, based on these documents, we can conclude that for a high-resolution metric, the highest possible native resolution of the metric is 1 second.

According to the Splunk Observability Cloud documentation1, the maximum function is an analytic function that returns the highest value of a metric or a dimension over a specified time interval. The maximum function can be used as a transformation or an aggregation. A transformation applies the function to each metric time series (MTS) individually, while an aggregation applies the function to all MTS and returns a single value. For example, to discover the peak page visits for a site over the last day, you can use the following SignalFlow code:

maximum(24h, counters(“page.visits”))

This will return the highest value of the page.visits counter metric for each MTS over the last 24 hours. You can then use a chart to visualize the results and identify the peak page visits for each MTS.

The correct answer is C. Line, Area, Column.

For line, area, and column charts, you can set the individual plot visualization to change the appearance of each plot in the chart. For example, you can change the color, shape, size, or style of the lines, areas, or columns. You can also change the rollup function, data resolution, or y-axis scale for each plot1

To set the individual plot visualization for line, area, and column charts, you need to select the chart from the Metric Finder, then click on Plot Chart Options and choose Individual Plot Visualization from the list of options. You can then customize each plot according to your preferences2

To learn more about how to use individual plot visualization in Splunk Observability Cloud, you can refer to this documentation2.

1: https://docs.splunk.com/Observability/gdi/metrics/charts.html#Individual-plot-visualization 2: https://docs.splunk.com/Observability/gdi/metrics/charts.html#Set-individual-plot-visualization

According to the web search results, dashboard groups are a feature of Splunk Observability Cloud that allows you to organize and share dashboards with other users in your organization1. You can create dashboard groups based on different criteria, such as service, team, role, or topic. You can also set permissions for each dashboard group, such as who can view, edit, or manage the dashboards in the group. Dashboard groups make it possible to share a collection of charts with your entire SRE organization, or any other group of users that you want to collaborate with.

According to the Splunk O11y Cloud Certified Metrics User Track document1, Observability Cloud has the following rollup functions: Sum: (default for counter metrics): Returns the sum of all data points in the MTS reporting interval. Average (default for gauge metrics): Returns the average value of all data points in the MTS reporting interval. Min: Returns the minimum data point value seen in the MTS reporting interval. Max: Returns the maximum data point value seen in the MTS reporting interval. Latest: Returns the most recent data point value seen in the MTS reporting interval. Lag: Returns the difference between the most recent and the previous data point values seen in the MTS reporting interval. Rate: Returns the rate of change of data points in the MTS reporting interval. Therefore, option A is correct.

According to the Splunk O11y Cloud Certified Metrics User Track document1, trigger sensitivity is a setting that determines how long a signal must remain above or below a threshold before an alert is triggered. By default, trigger sensitivity is set to Immediate, which means that an alert is triggered as soon as the signal crosses the threshold. This can result in a lot of alerts, especially if the signal fluctuates frequently around the threshold value. To reduce the number of alerts, you can adjust the trigger sensitivity to a longer duration, such as 1 minute, 5 minutes, or 15 minutes. This means that an alert is only triggered if the signal stays above or below the threshold for the specified duration. This can help filter out noise and focus on more persistent issues.

The component of the OpenTelemetry Collector that allows for the modification of metadata is A. Processors.

Processors are components that can modify the telemetry data before sending it to exporters or other components. Processors can perform various transformations on metrics, traces, and logs, such as filtering, adding, deleting, or updating attributes, labels, or resources. Processors can also enrich the telemetry data with additional metadata from various sources, such as Kubernetes, environment variables, or system information1

For example, one of the processors that can modify metadata is the attributes processor. This processor can update, insert, delete, or replace existing attributes on metrics or traces. Attributes are key-value pairs that provide additional information about the telemetry data, such as the service name, the host name, or the span kind2

Another example is the resource processor. This processor can modify resource attributes on metrics or traces. Resource attributes are key-value pairs that describe the entity that produced the telemetry data, such as the cloud provider, the region, or the instance type3

To learn more about how to use processors in the OpenTelemetry Collector, you can refer to this documentation1.

1: https://opentelemetry.io/docs/collector/configuration/#processors 2: https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/tree/main/processor/attributesprocessor 3: https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/tree/main/processor/resourceprocessor