Comprehensive Detailed Explanation along with All ISO 45001 Audit References

Hazard: A potential source of harm or adverse health effects.

Risk: The likelihood of harm occurring as a result of the hazard.

Danger: An immediate threat that requires urgent action.

Analysis of Options:

A. Conference room emergency sign directs people to an exit that is no longer available for use (Hazard):Correctly identified as a hazard since it poses a potential risk during emergencies.

B. The carpet on the main staircase is peeling off (Risk):This is a hazard, not a risk, as it represents a source of potential harm.

C. The emergency light in the gift shop did not work when checked (Risk):This is a hazard because it is a condition that could lead to a risk during emergencies.

D. The fire extinguishers in the Natural World area have not been serviced in the last five years (Risk):Correctly identified as a risk because the likelihood of fire-related harm increases without proper servicing.

E. The head of the dinosaur suspended over the main hall has become detached from the rest of the skeleton (Risk):This is a hazard, not a risk, as it represents a potential source of harm.

F. The non-slip mats have been removed from the restaurant (Risk):This is a hazard, not a risk.

G. There is a high possibility of unfit food being sold due to the failure of the oven temperature indicator in the visitors' restaurant (Hazard):This is a risk because it specifies the likelihood of harm occurring (selling unfit food).

H. There is a water leak next to the electric heater in the admissions area (Danger):Correctly identified as a danger because it represents an immediate and critical threat.

ISO References:

Clause 6.1.2: Hazard identification and assessment of risks and opportunities.

Clause 0.2 of ISO 45001 emphasizes the involvement of top management and alignment of OH&S objectives with the organization’s OH&S policy.

Nonconformities Identified:

The objectives were developed by an external consultant without involving top management, which undermines leadership accountability and commitment.

The objectives were based on a competitor’s framework, not aligned with the organization’s unique OH&S policy or context.

Analysis of Options:

A. Establishing OH&S objectives did not include top management.True. Clause 5.1 (Leadership) and Clause 6.2 (Objectives) emphasize that top management must be involved in defining and supporting OH&S objectives.

B. OH&S objectives are not being implemented by personnel.Implementation relates to operationalization, not the development phase, and is not relevant to Clause 0.2.

C. OH&S objectives are not maintained as documented information.While documentation is required, the absence of documented information is a separate issue under Clause 7.5, not Clause 0.2.

D. OH&S objectives were not established in alignment with the organization’s OH&S policy.True. Clause 6.2.1 requires objectives to align with the OH&S policy, which reflects the organization’s commitment to safety and health.

E. The consultant has not interpreted ISO 45001 correctly.While possibly true, the issue here is the organization’s failure to involve top management, not the consultant’s interpretation.

F. The organization cannot afford to undertake OH&S objectives all at once.Financial constraints are not relevant to Clause 0.2; objectives can be prioritized for phased implementation.

ISO References:

Clause 0.2: Leadership commitment and alignment with organizational policy.

Clause 5.1: Top management’s role in leadership and participation.

Clause 6.2.1: Establishing OH&S objectives aligned with the policy.